Lu Jackson G, Quoidbach Jordi, Gino Francesca, Chakroff Alek, Maddux William W, Galinsky Adam D
Columbia Business School, Columbia University.
Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2017 Jan;112(1):1-16. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000068.
Because of the unprecedented pace of globalization, foreign experiences are increasingly common and valued. Past research has focused on the benefits of foreign experiences, including enhanced creativity and reduced intergroup bias. In contrast, the present work uncovers a potential dark side of foreign experiences: increased immoral behavior. We propose that broad foreign experiences (i.e., experiences in multiple foreign countries) foster not only cognitive flexibility but also moral flexibility. Using multiple methods (longitudinal, correlational, and experimental), 8 studies (N > 2,200) establish that broad foreign experiences can lead to immoral behavior by increasing moral relativism-the belief that morality is relative rather than absolute. The relationship between broad foreign experiences and immoral behavior was robust across a variety of cultural populations (anglophone, francophone), life stages (high school students, university students, MBA students, middle-aged adults), and 7 different measures of immorality. As individuals are exposed to diverse cultures, their moral compass may lose some of its precision. (PsycINFO Database Record
由于全球化进程前所未有的加快，国外经历越来越普遍且受到重视。过去的研究主要关注国外经历的益处，包括增强创造力和减少群体间偏见。相比之下，本研究揭示了国外经历潜在的负面影响：不道德行为增加。我们认为广泛的国外经历（即在多个国家的经历）不仅培养了认知灵活性，还培养了道德灵活性。通过多种方法（纵向研究、相关性研究和实验研究），八项研究（N>2200）证实，广泛的国外经历会通过增加道德相对主义（即认为道德是相对而非绝对的信念）导致不道德行为。广泛的国外经历与不道德行为之间的关系在各种文化群体（英语国家、法语国家）、人生阶段（高中生、大学生、工商管理硕士学生、中年成年人）以及七种不同的不道德行为衡量标准中都很显著。随着个体接触到不同的文化，他们的道德指南针可能会失去一些精准度。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
