Hashtroudi S, Johnson M K, Chrosniak L D
Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.
Psychol Aging. 1989 Mar;4(1):106-12. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.4.1.106.
This experiment was designed to examine the ability of older and younger adults to remember the source of information. Three types of source monitoring tasks were investigated: discriminating between externally derived and internally generated memories, discriminating between two types of internally generated memories, and discriminating between two types of externally derived memories. Relative to younger adults, older adults had more difficulty discriminating between memories of the same class (external-external and internal-internal), but they did not have more difficulty discriminating between memories of different classes (external-internal). These findings indicate that the age-related difficulty in remembering the source of information should not be characterized as a general deficit. Factors that may account for age deficits in source monitoring are discussed drawing upon the Johnson-Raye (1981) reality monitoring framework.
本实验旨在检验老年人和年轻人记忆信息来源的能力。研究了三种类型的源监测任务：区分外部获取的记忆和内部产生的记忆、区分两种类型的内部产生的记忆、区分两种类型的外部获取的记忆。与年轻人相比，老年人在区分同一类记忆（外部-外部和内部-内部）时更困难，但在区分不同类记忆（外部-内部）时并没有更多困难。这些发现表明，与年龄相关的记忆信息来源困难不应被描述为一种普遍的缺陷。借鉴约翰逊-雷伊（1981）的现实监测框架，讨论了可能导致源监测中年龄缺陷的因素。
