Plude Dana J, Doussard-Roosevelt Jane A
U Maryland, College Park.
Psychol Aging. 1989 Mar;4(1):98-105. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.4.1.98.
This study used feature-integration theory as a means of determining the point in processing at which selective attention deficits originate. The theory posits an initial stage of processing in which features are registered in parallel and then a serial process in which features are conjoined to form complex stimuli. Performance of young and older adults on feature versus conjunction search is compared. Analyses of reaction times and error rates suggest that elderly adults in addition to young adults, can capitalize on the early parallel processing stage of visual information processing, and that age decrements in visual search arise as a result of the later, serial stage of processing. Analyses of a third, unconfounded, conjunction search condition reveal qualitatively similar modes of conjunction search in young and older adults. The contribution of age-related data limitations is found to be secondary to the contribution of age decrements in selective attention.
本研究采用特征整合理论来确定选择性注意缺陷产生的加工点。该理论假定了一个加工的初始阶段，在这个阶段特征是并行登记的，然后是一个串行过程，在这个过程中特征被结合起来形成复杂刺激。比较了年轻人和老年人在特征搜索与联合搜索中的表现。对反应时间和错误率的分析表明，除了年轻人之外，老年人也能够利用视觉信息加工的早期并行加工阶段，并且视觉搜索中的年龄衰退是由于后期的串行加工阶段所致。对第三个无混淆的联合搜索条件的分析揭示了年轻人和老年人在联合搜索中质上相似的模式。发现与年龄相关的数据限制的作用次于选择性注意中年龄衰退的作用。
