Ikami Kanako, Nuzhat Nafisa, Lei Lei
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 3045, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 3045, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2017 Feb;44:14-19. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.12.002. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
During mammalian oogenesis, germ cells undergo oocyte differentiation and oocyte development to form mature oocytes that contain essential components for supporting early embryogenesis. However, only a small fraction of germ cells become mature oocytes and the mechanism of this massive germ cell loss has been unclear. Our recent studies suggested that the formation of functional oocytes and germ cell loss are interlinked by a 'nursing' process in germline cysts during oocyte differentiation in mouse fetal ovaries. 80% of the fetal germ cells sacrifice themselves by donating their cytoplasmic contents to the remaining sister germ cells that differentiate into primary oocytes with augmented developmental potential. In this review, we will summarize the process of mouse oocyte differentiation with a particular focus on organelle transport in germline cysts.
在哺乳动物卵子发生过程中，生殖细胞经历卵母细胞分化和卵母细胞发育，形成含有支持早期胚胎发育必需成分的成熟卵母细胞。然而，只有一小部分生殖细胞会成为成熟卵母细胞，而这种大量生殖细胞丢失的机制尚不清楚。我们最近的研究表明，在小鼠胎儿卵巢卵母细胞分化过程中，功能性卵母细胞的形成和生殖细胞丢失通过生殖系囊肿中的“哺育”过程相互关联。80%的胎儿生殖细胞通过将其细胞质内容物捐赠给其余姐妹生殖细胞而自我牺牲，这些姐妹生殖细胞分化为具有增强发育潜力的初级卵母细胞。在这篇综述中，我们将总结小鼠卵母细胞分化过程，特别关注生殖系囊肿中的细胞器运输。
