Camini Fernanda Caetano, da Silva Caetano Camila Carla, Almeida Letícia Trindade, de Brito Magalhães Cintia Lopes
Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil.
Arch Virol. 2017 Apr;162(4):907-917. doi: 10.1007/s00705-016-3187-y. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
Reactive species are frequently formed after viral infections. Antioxidant defences, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, protect against reactive species, but sometimes these defences are not completely adequate. An imbalance in the production of reactive species and the body's inability to detoxify these reactive species is referred to as oxidative stress. The aim of this review is to analyse the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of viral infections and highlight some major therapeutic approaches that have gained importance, with regards to controlling virus-induced oxidative injury. Attention will be focused on DNA viruses (papillomaviruses, hepadnaviruses), RNA viruses (flaviviruses, orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, togaviruses) and retroviruses (human immunodeficiency virus). In general, viruses cause an imbalance in the cellular redox environment, which depending on the virus and the cell can result in different responses, e.g. cell signaling, antioxidant defences, reactive species, and other processes. Therefore, the modulation of reactive species production and oxidative stress potentially represents a novel pharmacological approach for reducing the consequences of viral pathogenesis.
病毒感染后常常会形成反应性物种。抗氧化防御机制，包括酶促和非酶促成分，可抵御反应性物种，但有时这些防御并不完全充分。反应性物种生成与机体对这些反应性物种解毒能力之间的失衡被称为氧化应激。本综述的目的是分析氧化应激在病毒感染发病机制中的作用，并着重介绍一些在控制病毒诱导的氧化损伤方面变得重要的主要治疗方法。将重点关注DNA病毒（乳头瘤病毒、嗜肝DNA病毒）、RNA病毒（黄病毒、正粘病毒、副粘病毒、披膜病毒）和逆转录病毒（人类免疫缺陷病毒）。一般来说，病毒会导致细胞氧化还原环境失衡，这取决于病毒和细胞，可能会引发不同反应，如细胞信号传导、抗氧化防御、反应性物种及其他过程。因此，调节反应性物种生成和氧化应激可能代表一种减轻病毒发病后果的新型药理学方法。
