Zhang Jie, Liu Yanzheng, Sun Long
Shandong University Center for Suicide Prevention Research, China; State University of New York Buffalo State, USA.
Shandong University Center for Suicide Prevention Research, China.
Compr Psychiatry. 2017 Apr;74:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.12.002. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
Various factors contribute to suicide. Psychological strains are hypothesized to precede suicidal thought and attempt. Life satisfaction can be a measure of relative deprivation strain and aspiration-reality strain.
This study was to compare the suicide attempters with various levels of life satisfaction and find out how life satisfaction affects the degree of suicide intent among medically serious suicide attempters.
Subjects for study were recruited in some rural counties in China. Interview data were from hospital emergency rooms with medically serious attempters of suicide (n=791). The subjects were aged between 15 and 54years and 293 males and 498 females. Face to face interview was conducted for each suicide attempter with a semi-structural protocol including life satisfaction, physical health, demographic, sociological, and psychological measures, as well as psychological strains.
The multiple linear regression analysis showed that mental disorder, aspiration strain and relative deprivation strain were significant risk factors for high intent of suicide among suicide attempters. The interaction between the two psychological strains also indicated that both failed aspiration and self-perceived low economic status in village play an important role in suicidal intent.
Low level of life satisfaction is associated with strong intent for suicide. Lack of life satisfaction is exemplified by relative deprivation perceived by the individuals and the discrepancy between an individual's aspiration for life and his/her reality. The findings from the suicide attempt data in rural China support the Strain Theory of Suicide.
多种因素导致自杀。心理压力被认为是自杀念头和自杀未遂的先兆。生活满意度可作为相对剥夺压力和期望 - 现实压力的一种衡量指标。
本研究旨在比较不同生活满意度水平的自杀未遂者，并探究生活满意度如何影响医学上严重自杀未遂者的自杀意图程度。
在中国一些农村县招募研究对象。访谈数据来自医院急诊室中医学上严重的自杀未遂者（n = 791）。研究对象年龄在15至54岁之间，男性293名，女性498名。对每位自杀未遂者进行面对面访谈，采用半结构化方案，内容包括生活满意度、身体健康、人口统计学、社会学、心理学测量指标以及心理压力。
多元线性回归分析表明，精神障碍、期望压力和相对剥夺压力是自杀未遂者自杀意图强烈的显著危险因素。两种心理压力之间的相互作用还表明，期望落空和个体在村里自我感觉经济地位低下在自杀意图中都起着重要作用。
低生活满意度与强烈的自杀意图相关。生活满意度低表现为个体感知到的相对剥夺以及个体生活期望与现实之间的差异。来自中国农村自杀未遂数据的研究结果支持自杀压力理论。
