The Gonda Brain Sciences Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel; Yale University Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2017 Feb;21(2):80-99. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2016.11.007. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
Attachment bonds are a defining feature of mammals. A conceptual framework on human attachments is presented, integrating insights from animal research with neuroimaging studies. Four mammalian bonds are described, including parent-infant, pair-bonds, peers, and conspecifics, all built upon systems shaped by maternal provisions during sensitive periods, and evolution from rodents to humans is detailed. Bonding is underpinned by crosstalk of oxytocin and dopamine in striatum, combining motivation and vigor with social focus, and their time sensitivity/pulsatility enables reorganization of neural networks. Humans' representation-based attachments are characterized by biobehavioral synchrony and integrate subcortical with cortical networks implicated in reward/motivation, embodied simulation, and mentalization. The neurobiology of love may open perspectives on the 'situated' brain and initiate dialog between science and humanities, arts, and clinical wisdom.
依附关系是哺乳动物的一个显著特征。本文提出了一个关于人类依附关系的概念框架，综合了动物研究和神经影像学研究的见解。本文描述了四种哺乳动物的依附关系，包括母婴、伴侣、同伴和同种，所有这些关系都是基于母亲在敏感时期提供的物质基础，并从啮齿动物进化到人类。依附关系是由纹状体中催产素和多巴胺的串扰支持的，它将动机和活力与社会焦点结合起来，它们的时间敏感性/脉冲性使神经网络能够重新组织。人类基于表象的依附关系的特征是生物行为同步，并将与奖励/动机、具身模拟和心理化相关的皮质下和皮质网络整合在一起。爱的神经生物学可能为“情境化”大脑提供新的视角，并在科学、人文科学、艺术和临床智慧之间开启对话。
