Cauffman Elizabeth, Fine Adam, Thomas April G, Monahan Kathryn C
University of California, Irvine.
University of Pittsburgh.
Child Dev. 2017 Jan;88(1):41-54. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12678.
Both the psychological and criminological fields have long hypothesized the mechanisms that influence desistance from violent offending, but few studies have focused on violent females. This study identifies patterns of violent behavior across 7 years among 172 females and 172 matched males ages 15-24, testing if heterogeneity in violent offending is linked to (a) developmental change in impulse control and (b) attainment of adult milestones. Fewer females persist in violence (25%) than males (46%); 19% of males increase in violent behavior. Females who develop impulse control and are employed are more likely to desist from violence. Violent offending is unrelated to other adult milestones. Developmental increases in impulse control may trigger desistance, while employment may maintain desistance from violence.
心理学和犯罪学领域长期以来一直在对影响暴力犯罪停止的机制进行假设，但很少有研究关注暴力女性。本研究确定了172名15至24岁女性和172名匹配男性在7年中的暴力行为模式，测试暴力犯罪的异质性是否与（a）冲动控制的发展变化和（b）成年里程碑的达成有关。持续实施暴力的女性（25%）少于男性（46%）；19%的男性暴力行为增加。发展出冲动控制能力且有工作的女性更有可能停止暴力行为。暴力犯罪与其他成年里程碑无关。冲动控制能力的发展性提高可能会引发停止暴力行为，而就业可能会维持停止暴力行为的状态。
