Gao Xiang, Wang Hongbin, Li Jianxin, Qin Hongyu, Xiao Jianhua
Department of Veterinary Surgery, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China.
Department of Veterinary Surgery, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China.
Vet Parasitol. 2017 Jan 15;233:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.12.004. Epub 2016 Dec 12.
Soil which has been contaminated by Toxocara spp. eggs is considered as one of the main infection sources of Toxocariasis in animals and humans. The present study conducted a detailed investigation into the spatial patterns of Toxocara canis (T. canis) and Toxocara cati (T. cati) eggs in soil in urban area of northeastern Mainland China, and assessed the inter-relationships between meteorological factors, land use and the distribution of the Toxocara spp. eggs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the determination of T. canis and T. cati eggs contamination in soil samples. Between April 2014 and May 2015, 9420 soil samples were subjected to PCR examination and 7027 sheep (74.6%) were determined to be positive for T. canis and T. cati eggs. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of land use, and meteorological factors on the spatial distribution of T. canis and T. cati eggs based on a maximum entropy model. Jackknife analysis revealed that the area of residential land, wood and grass land and precipitation may influence the occurrence of T. canis and T. cati eggs in soil. Our findings indicate that land use and meteorological factors may be important variables affecting transmission of Toxocariasis and should be taken into account in the development of future surveillance programmes for Toxocariasis.
已被弓首蛔虫属虫卵污染的土壤被认为是动物和人类弓首蛔虫病的主要感染源之一。本研究对中国大陆东北部城市地区土壤中犬弓首蛔虫（T. canis）和猫弓首蛔虫（T. cati）虫卵的空间分布模式进行了详细调查，并评估了气象因素、土地利用与弓首蛔虫属虫卵分布之间的相互关系。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）法测定土壤样本中犬弓首蛔虫和猫弓首蛔虫虫卵的污染情况。2014年4月至2015年5月期间，对9420份土壤样本进行了PCR检测，确定7027只绵羊（74.6%）的犬弓首蛔虫和猫弓首蛔虫虫卵呈阳性。随后，我们基于最大熵模型评估了土地利用和气象因素对犬弓首蛔虫和猫弓首蛔虫虫卵空间分布的影响。刀切法分析表明，居住用地、林地和草地面积以及降水量可能影响土壤中犬弓首蛔虫和猫弓首蛔虫虫卵的出现。我们的研究结果表明，土地利用和气象因素可能是影响弓首蛔虫病传播的重要变量，在未来弓首蛔虫病监测计划的制定中应予以考虑。
