Jamil Bushra, Shakoor Sadia, Hasan Rumina
Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Int J Mycobacteriol. 2016 Dec;5 Suppl 1:S149. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.08.013. Epub 2016 Sep 20.
Extrapulmonary disease accounts for a significant proportion of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in endemic areas. With increasing prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the case numbers are rising; extrapulmonary involvement can be seen in >50% of patients with concurrent AIDS and TB. In both HIV-positive and HIV-negative cases, due to diagnostic difficulties, extrapulmonary disease is often recognized late and, hence, although completely curable in many cases, as far as bacterial eradication is concerned, is not without consequence.
Sequelae of extrapulmonary TB were explored through literature review. Additionally, case files of patients presenting to the TB clinics in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan were examined for sequelae during variable periods of follow up.
The sequelae of TB can be divided into: CONCLUSION: Early reliable diagnosis and anti-TB treatment, often with steroids, is essential for control of disease and prevention of complications. Patients need to be monitored clinically and supported psychologically, logistically, and socially to return to lead productive lives after extrapulmonary TB infections.
在结核病流行地区，肺外疾病在所有结核病病例中占相当大的比例。随着人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）患病率的上升，病例数正在增加；在同时患有艾滋病和结核病的患者中，超过50%可见肺外受累。在HIV阳性和HIV阴性病例中，由于诊断困难，肺外疾病往往发现较晚，因此，尽管在许多情况下完全可以治愈，但就细菌根除而言，并非没有后果。
通过文献综述探讨肺外结核病的后遗症。此外，还检查了巴基斯坦卡拉奇一家三级护理医院结核病诊所患者的病例档案，以了解不同随访期间的后遗症情况。
结核病的后遗症可分为：结论：早期可靠的诊断和抗结核治疗（通常使用类固醇）对于控制疾病和预防并发症至关重要。患者需要接受临床监测，并在心理、后勤和社会方面得到支持，以便在肺外结核感染后恢复有成效的生活。
