Fountain Kay I, Stevens Kim B, Lloyd David H, Loeffler Anette
Top Cat Veterinary Centre, 146 Mackie Avenue, Brighton, BN1 8SB, UK.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.
Vet Dermatol. 2017 Apr;28(2):219-e52. doi: 10.1111/vde.12410. Epub 2017 Jan 2.
Bats may be held captive in zoos and breeding programmes, and for rehabilitation due to illness, abandonment or injury.
To describe the frequency and characteristics of skin disease in captive bats.
Zoos (n = 164) in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand, Wildlife Disease Association members and rehabilitators were invited to complete online questionnaires on skin lesions and housing. Associations between lesion type and site, frequency, species, age, suspected cause and season, and their association with housing in zoos were tested using chi-squared and two-sample z-tests.
Skin lesions were seen by 38.5% (15 of 39) of responding zoos and more frequently by rehabilitators (66.7%, 18 of 27; P = 0.024). Of the total of 153 lesions of any type reported by zoos and rehabilitators, almost two thirds occurred on the pinnae (49 of 153, 32%) or wing membranes (45 of 153, 29%). Amongst pinnal lesions, crusting (27%), swelling and redness (25%) and necrosis (20%) were most frequent. In zoos, pinnal (P = 0.001) and wing lesions (P = 0.045) were associated with "season", being more common in winter. Pruritus was rare but more often reported from rehabilitation centres (12 of 77 observed lesions) than from zoos (1 of 76) (P = 0.0015). Lesions most often affected adult and geriatric bats in zoos, and juveniles and adults in rehabilitation. Eight respondents reported that skin disease necessitated euthanasia in individual bats. There was no significant association between type of housing and lesions.
Pinnal and wing lesions were common in captive bats, often with necrosis. Further research into the causes is needed to improve health and welfare of captive bats.
蝙蝠可能被圈养在动物园和繁殖项目中，也可能因疾病、被遗弃或受伤而接受康复治疗。
描述圈养蝙蝠皮肤病的发生频率和特征。
邀请欧洲、北美、澳大利亚和新西兰的动物园（n = 164）、野生动物疾病协会成员和康复治疗人员填写关于皮肤损伤和饲养环境的在线问卷。使用卡方检验和双样本z检验来检验损伤类型与部位、频率、物种、年龄、疑似病因和季节之间的关联，以及它们与动物园饲养环境的关联。
38.5%（39个中的15个）的回应动物园观察到皮肤损伤，康复治疗人员观察到的频率更高（66.7%，27个中的18个；P = 0.024）。在动物园和康复治疗人员报告的总共153例任何类型的损伤中，近三分之二发生在耳廓（153个中的49个，32%）或翼膜（153个中的45个，29%）。在耳廓损伤中，结痂（27%）、肿胀和发红（25%）以及坏死（20%）最为常见。在动物园中，耳廓损伤（P = 0.001）和翼部损伤（P = 0.045）与“季节”有关，在冬季更为常见。瘙痒很少见，但康复中心报告的比例（77例观察到的损伤中有12例）高于动物园（76例中有1例）（P = 0.0015）。损伤在动物园中最常影响成年和老年蝙蝠，在康复治疗中最常影响幼年和成年蝙蝠。8名受访者报告说，皮肤病导致个别蝙蝠需要实施安乐死。饲养环境类型与损伤之间没有显著关联。
耳廓和翼部损伤在圈养蝙蝠中很常见，常伴有坏死。需要进一步研究病因，以改善圈养蝙蝠的健康和福利。
