Otero Toribio F
Centre for Electrochemistry and Intelligent Materials (CEMI), Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Aulario II, C/Carlos III, s/n, E-30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2017 Jan 18;19(3):1718-1730. doi: 10.1039/c6cp06735b.
In this perspective the empirical kinetics of conducting polymers exchanging anions and solvent during electrochemical reactions to get dense reactive gels is reviewed. The reaction drives conformational movements of the chains (molecular motors), exchange of ions and solvent with the electrolyte and structural (relaxation, swelling, shrinking and compaction) gel changes. Reaction-driven structural changes are identified and quantified from electrochemical responses. The empirical reaction activation energy (E), the reaction coefficient (k) and the reaction orders (α and β) change as a function of the conformational energy variation during the reaction. This conformational energy becomes an empirical magnitude. E, k, α and β include and provide quantitative conformational and structural information. The chemical kinetics becomes structural chemical kinetics (SCK) for reactions driving conformational movements of the reactants. The electrochemically stimulated conformational relaxation model describes empirical results and some results from the literature for biochemical reactions. In parallel the development of an emerging technological world of soft, wet, multifunctional and biomimetic tools and anthropomorphic robots driven by reactions of the constitutive material, as in biological organs, can be now envisaged being theoretically supported by the kinetic model.
从这个角度出发，本文综述了导电聚合物在电化学反应过程中交换阴离子和溶剂以形成致密反应性凝胶的经验动力学。该反应驱动链的构象运动（分子马达）、离子和溶剂与电解质的交换以及凝胶的结构变化（松弛、溶胀、收缩和压实）。通过电化学响应来识别和量化反应驱动的结构变化。经验反应活化能（E）、反应系数（k）和反应级数（α和β）随反应过程中构象能的变化而变化。这种构象能成为一个经验量。E、k、α和β包含并提供了定量的构象和结构信息。对于驱动反应物构象运动的反应，化学动力学成为结构化学动力学（SCK）。电化学刺激的构象松弛模型描述了经验结果以及文献中关于生化反应的一些结果。与此同时，现在可以设想，一个由本构材料的反应驱动的、如生物器官中那样的柔软、湿润、多功能和仿生工具以及拟人机器人的新兴技术世界的发展，在理论上可以得到动力学模型的支持。
