Zárate-Bladés Carlos R, Horai Reiko, Mattapallil Mary J, Ajami Nadim J, Wong Matthew, Petrosino Joseph F, Itoh Kikuji, Chan Chi-Chao, Caspi Rachel R
a Laboratory of Immunology , National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland , USA.
b Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Department of Microbiology , Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianopolis , Brazil.
Gut Microbes. 2017 Jan 2;8(1):59-66. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1273996. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Recent discoveries on the role of commensal microbiota have significantly changed our understanding of human physiology. The host-microbiota interplay is now an important aspect to take into account to understand immune responses and immunological diseases. Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening disease that arises without a known infectious etiology. It is unknown where and how autoreactive T cells become primed to trigger disease in the eye, which is an immune privileged site. We recently reported data supporting the notion that retina-specific T cells receive a signal in the gut from commensal microbiota-derived cross-reactive antigen(s) and trigger autoimmune uveitis in the R161H mouse model. Here we discuss our published findings, as well as our recent attempts to identify the responsible microbe(s) by using different antibiotic treatments, 16S rDNA sequencing and homology searches for candidate antigenic mimic(s) of the retinal antigen.
共生微生物群作用的最新发现显著改变了我们对人体生理学的理解。宿主与微生物群的相互作用如今已成为理解免疫反应和免疫疾病时需要考虑的一个重要方面。自身免疫性葡萄膜炎是一种威胁视力的疾病，其发病没有已知的感染病因。尚不清楚自身反应性T细胞在何处以及如何被激活从而在眼部（一个免疫赦免部位）引发疾病。我们最近报告的数据支持这样一种观点，即视网膜特异性T细胞在肠道中从共生微生物群衍生的交叉反应性抗原接收信号，并在R161H小鼠模型中引发自身免疫性葡萄膜炎。在此，我们讨论我们已发表的研究结果，以及我们最近通过使用不同的抗生素治疗、16S rDNA测序和对视网膜抗原的候选抗原模拟物进行同源性搜索来鉴定相关微生物的尝试。
