Feather B L, Wainstock J M
Cancer Nurs. 1989 Oct;12(5):301-9.
To measure the relationships among social support, attitudes toward mastectomy, and self-esteem in women postmastectomy, the Mastectomy Attitude Scale (MAS), the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ), and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) were used. A factor analysis of the MAS yielded six factors that were used in regression analyses. Stepwise regression was used to identify variables that significantly contributed to women's self-esteem. Covariates in the analyses were age, years of education, marital status, and adjuvant chemotherapy. The women (n = 456) averaged 54 years in age, had slightly more than a high school education (mean = 13.0 years), and were predominately married (80%); almost half had adjuvant chemotherapy (45.6%). The overall regression model was significantly (df = 16,440; F = 15.12, p less than 0.0001) and accounted for 35.5% of the variance. Seven of the 16 variables were significant accounting for the following percentages of variance: sexuality, 21.1%; outlook, 5.8%, appearance satisfaction, 3.1%; emotions, 1.3%; college education, 1.2%; adjuvant chemotherapy, 0.6%; and age (60-69), 0.6%. Thus, women's attitudes toward mastectomy accounted for a greater proportion of the variance in their self-esteem than did social support and other demographic variables.
为了衡量乳房切除术后女性的社会支持、对乳房切除术的态度和自尊之间的关系，研究使用了乳房切除术态度量表（MAS）、诺贝克社会支持问卷（NSSQ）和罗森伯格自尊量表（RSE）。对MAS进行的因子分析产生了六个因子，这些因子用于回归分析。采用逐步回归来确定对女性自尊有显著贡献的变量。分析中的协变量包括年龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况和辅助化疗。这些女性（n = 456）平均年龄为54岁，受教育程度略高于高中（平均 = 13.0年），且大多已婚（80%）；近一半接受了辅助化疗（45.6%）。总体回归模型具有显著性（自由度 = 16,440；F = 15.12，p小于0.0001），并解释了35.5%的方差。16个变量中有7个具有显著性，解释的方差百分比分别为：性方面，21.1%；前景，5.8%；外观满意度，3.1%；情绪，1.3%；大学学历，1.2%；辅助化疗，0.6%；年龄（60 - 69岁），0.6%。因此，女性对乳房切除术的态度在其自尊方差中所占比例比社会支持和其他人口统计学变量更大。
