Parmar Komal M, Itankar Prakash R, Joshi Apurva, Prasad Satyendra K
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2017 Feb 23;198:158-166. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.046. Epub 2017 Jan 1.
The plant Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & Wendl. (Solanaceae) is one of the members of the dashamula (ten roots) in Ayurvedic system of medicine. The stem and fruits are used as an antipyretic, antiasthmatic and is prescribed in skin infections and for relief in burning sensation in the feet accompanied by vesicular eruptions.
To scientifically validate the anti-psoriatic potential of Solanum xanthocarpum stem in Imiquimod-induced psoriatic mice model.
Ethanolic stems extract of Solanum xanthocarpum (ESX) was first subjected to phytochemical screening and quantification of identified phytoconstituents, which was further standardized with the help of HPTLC using chlorogenic acid as a marker. The extract was then subjected to acute oral toxicity and skin irritability study for determining the safety profile of the extract. Imiquimod-induced psoriatic mouse model was then performed to check the efficacy of extract against psoriasis, where treatment was carried out for 15 days both topically (Gel at 2.5%, 5% and 10%) as well as orally (at 100, 200 and 400mg/kg p.o.) and their Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) was calculated. The study also included determination of levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in the animal tissues, which further included biochemical evaluations such as total collagen, hexosamine, hyaluronic acid DNA, protein antioxidant profiles such as lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase and catalase along with histopathological studies of the tissues.
ESX showed the presence of mainly phenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrates, while chlorogenic acid was reported to be 3.49% w/w. The Imiquimod-induced psoriatic mouse model, depicted a potent anti-psoriatic activity of the extract both topical (10%) and oral (200 and 400mg/kg p.o., as evident through PASI grading The effect was found to be more prominent in case of topically treated as compared to orally treated mice. The results also showed a significant inhibition in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in treated animal tissues and also showed significant restoration of the altered biochemical parameters along with reduced hyperkeratinisation as observed through histopathology.
The study scientifically justified the anti-psoriatic activity of the ESX, which may be attributed to inhibition in the expression of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17. Further, the observed antioxidant, antimicrobial and cellular proliferative activities may act as a contributing factor in treatment of psoriasis, which may be attributed to the presence of chlorogenic acid along with other phytochemicals in combination.
植物黄果茄（茄科）是阿育吠陀医学体系中十味根药的成员之一。其茎和果实可用作退烧药、抗哮喘药，用于治疗皮肤感染以及缓解足部伴有水疱疹的烧灼感。
在咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病小鼠模型中科学验证黄果茄茎的抗银屑病潜力。
首先对黄果茄乙醇茎提取物（ESX）进行植物化学筛选和已鉴定植物成分的定量分析，并借助以绿原酸为标记物的高效薄层色谱法对其进行进一步标准化。然后对该提取物进行急性经口毒性和皮肤刺激性研究，以确定提取物的安全性。接着进行咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病小鼠模型实验，以检验提取物对银屑病的疗效，分别通过局部（2.5%、5%和10%的凝胶）和口服（100、200和400mg/kg口服）给药15天，并计算其银屑病面积严重程度指数（PASI）。该研究还包括测定动物组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-17的水平，进一步的生化评估包括总胶原蛋白、氨基葡萄糖、透明质酸、DNA、蛋白质抗氧化指标如脂质过氧化、一氧化氮、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶，以及组织的组织病理学研究。
ESX主要含有酚类、单宁、黄酮类、生物碱和碳水化合物，据报道绿原酸含量为3.49%（w/w）。在咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病小鼠模型中，该提取物表现出显著的抗银屑病活性，无论是局部（10%）还是口服（200和400mg/kg口服），通过PASI分级可明显看出。与口服给药的小鼠相比，局部给药的效果更显著。结果还显示，治疗动物组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-17的表达受到显著抑制，同时通过组织病理学观察发现，改变的生化参数得到显著恢复，角质化过度也有所减轻。
该研究科学地证明了ESX的抗银屑病活性，这可能归因于对细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-17表达的抑制。此外，观察到的抗氧化、抗菌和细胞增殖活性可能是治疗银屑病的一个促成因素，这可能归因于绿原酸与其他植物化学物质的联合存在。
