埃塞俄比亚西南部高血压患者的心理疾病与物质使用情况：一项基于医院的横断面调查
Psychological morbidity and substance use among patients with hypertension: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey from South West Ethiopia.
作者信息
Soboka Matiwos, Gudina Esayas Kebede, Tesfaye Markos
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2017 Jan 3;11:5. doi: 10.1186/s13033-016-0108-0. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
Psychological morbidity and substance use disorders have been linked to cardiovascular diseases; affecting patients' medical outcome and quality of life. However, little is known about psychological morbidity and substance use among patients with hypertension in Ethiopia. Therefore, we aimed to assess psychological comorbidity and substance use among hypertensive patients in Southwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 396 hypertensive patients on follow-up at Jimma University Teaching Hospital in Ethiopia during the study period. Structured questionnaires were used to assess alcohol use, khat chewing and cigarette smoking. Psychological morbidity was assessed using the Kessler-6 scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the independent association between outcome and explanatory variables.
RESULTS
The prevalence of psychological morbidity among hypertensive patients was 31.6%. Of the total participants, 31 (7.8%) of them had alcohol use disorders and 79 (19.9%) of them were using khat regularly at the time of the study. Singles were more likely to have psychological morbidity than married participants (AOR = 4.72; 95% CI 1.83, 12.20, p = 0.001), whereas those who were able to 'read and write' were less likely to have psychological morbidity than non-literate ones (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI 0.24, 0.89, p = 0.02). However, no association was seen between psychological morbidity and substance use (khat chewing, alcohol use and cigarette smoking), belief about hypertension, ever discontinuation of medication and lifestyle (exercise, salt consumption).
CONCLUSION
Psychological morbidity and substance use are prevalent among hypertensive patients on follow-up at the hospital. The findings of the study imply that there is a need for further studies to understand the effect of psychological morbidity on the clinical outcomes of hypertensive patients.
背景
心理疾病和物质使用障碍与心血管疾病有关；会影响患者的医疗结局和生活质量。然而，埃塞俄比亚高血压患者的心理疾病和物质使用情况鲜为人知。因此，我们旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西南部高血压患者的心理共病情况和物质使用情况。
方法
在研究期间，对埃塞俄比亚吉姆马大学教学医院396名接受随访的高血压患者进行了一项横断面研究。使用结构化问卷评估饮酒、恰特草咀嚼和吸烟情况。使用凯斯勒6项量表评估心理疾病。进行多因素逻辑回归分析以确定结局变量与解释变量之间的独立关联。
结果
高血压患者的心理疾病患病率为31.6%。在所有参与者中，31人（7.8%）患有酒精使用障碍，79人（19.9%）在研究时经常使用恰特草。单身者比已婚参与者更易患心理疾病（调整后比值比[AOR]=4.72；95%置信区间[CI]为1.83，12.20，P=0.001），而能“读写”的人比不识字的人患心理疾病的可能性更小（AOR=0.46；95%CI为0.24，0.89，P=0.02）。然而，心理疾病与物质使用（恰特草咀嚼、饮酒和吸烟）、对高血压的认知、是否曾停药以及生活方式（运动、盐摄入量）之间均无关联。
结论
在该医院接受随访的高血压患者中，心理疾病和物质使用情况普遍存在。该研究结果表明，有必要进一步开展研究以了解心理疾病对高血压患者临床结局的影响。
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