埃塞俄比亚东北部沃尔迪亚大学学生使用精神活性物质的决定因素。
Determinants of psychoactive substances use among Woldia University students in Northeastern Ethiopia.
作者信息
Adere Ashete, Yimer Nigus Bililign, Kumsa Henok, Liben Misgan Legesse
机构信息
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Amhara, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Samara University, P.O.Box 132, Samara, Afar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Sep 5;10(1):441. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2763-x.
BACKGROUND
Psychoactive substance use has become a major public health problem among students in Ethiopian universities. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the magnitude and determinants of psychoactive substances use (khat chewing, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking) among undergraduate students of Woldia University, Ethiopia.
METHODS
Institution based quantitative cross-sectional study was employed on Woldia University students in April 2015. 730 students were included in the study. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. EpiData version 3.02 was used to enter data. Then, data were exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis.
RESULTS
The lifetime prevalence of alcohol drinking, khat chewing and cigarette smoking among the study students were 33.1, 13 and 7.9%, respectively. Likewise, the current prevalence of alcohol drinking, khat chewing and cigarette smoking was 27.9, 10.4 and 6.4%, respectively. More than half of the surveyed students (59.1%) were introduced to psychoactive substance use by peer pressure. About 66% of the study participants believed that psychoactive substances are important for relaxation, and 19% to relief from stress. Students who were Muslims [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.74, 95% CI (1.57, 8.91)], Oromo ethnic group [AOR 2.63, 95% CI (1.19, 5.81)], ever drunk alcohol [AOR 6.32, 95% CI (2.96, 13.48)] and ever smoked cigarette [AOR: 9.16, 95% CI (4.33, 19.38)] were positively associated with khat chewing. Furthermore, pocket money and ever khat chewing were associated with alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that psychoactive substances use is somewhat prevalent among students in Woldia University. Hence, support of religious institutions in providing education aimed at preventing substance use, establishing and strengthening peer educators in the university are important interventions to tackle psychoactive substances use.
背景
在埃塞俄比亚各大学的学生中，使用精神活性物质已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。因此，本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚沃尔迪亚大学本科生中精神活性物质使用（恰特草咀嚼、饮酒和吸烟）的程度及决定因素。
方法
2015年4月对沃尔迪亚大学的学生开展了一项基于机构的定量横断面研究。730名学生纳入本研究。使用自填式问卷收集数据。使用EpiData 3.02版本录入数据。然后，将数据导出到SPSS 20版本进行分析。
结果
研究学生中饮酒、恰特草咀嚼和吸烟的终生患病率分别为33.1%、13%和7.9%。同样，饮酒、恰特草咀嚼和吸烟的当前患病率分别为27.9%、10.4%和6.4%。超过一半（59.1%）的受访学生因同伴压力开始使用精神活性物质。约66%的研究参与者认为精神活性物质对放松很重要，19%认为对缓解压力很重要。穆斯林学生[调整优势比（AOR）3.74，95%置信区间（CI）（1.57，8.91）]、奥罗莫族学生[AOR 2.63，95%CI（1.19，5.81）]、曾饮酒者[AOR 6.32，95%CI（2.96，13.48）]和曾吸烟者[AOR：9.16，95%CI（4.33，19.38）]与恰特草咀嚼呈正相关。此外，零花钱和曾咀嚼恰特草与饮酒和吸烟有关。
结论
本研究表明，精神活性物质使用在沃尔迪亚大学的学生中较为普遍。因此，宗教机构支持开展预防物质使用的教育、在大学建立并加强同伴教育者队伍是应对精神活性物质使用的重要干预措施。
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