Koisaari Tapio, Leivo Tiina, Sahraravand Ahmad, Haavisto Anna-Kaisa, Sulander Pekka, Tervo Timo M T
a Finnish Motor Insurers' Centre , Road Safety Unit , Helsinki , Finland.
b Finnish Crash Data Institute OTI , Helsinki , Finland.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2017 Jul 4;18(5):493-499. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2016.1271945. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
We studied the correlation between airbag deployment and eye injuries using 2 different data sets.
The registry of the Finnish Road Accident (FRA) Investigation Teams was analyzed to study severe head- and eyewear-related injuries. All fatal passenger car or van accidents that occurred during the years 2009-2012 (4 years) were included (n = 734). Cases in which the driver's front airbag was deployed were subjected to analysis (n = 409). To determine the proportion of minor, potentially airbag-related eye injuries, the results were compared to the data for all new eye injury patients (n = 1,151) recorded at the Emergency Clinic of the Helsinki University Eye Hospital (HUEH) during one year, from May 1, 2011, to April 30, 2012.
In the FRA data set, the unbelted drivers showed a significantly higher risk of death (odds ratio [OR] = 5.89, 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.33-10.9, P = 2.6E-12) or of sustaining head injuries (OR = 2.50, 95% CI, 1.59-3.97, P = 3.8E-5). Only 4 of the 1,151 HUEH patients were involved in a passenger car accident. In one of the crashes, the airbag operated, and the belted driver received 2 sutured eye lid wounds and showed conjunctival sugillation. No permanent eye injuries were recorded during the follow-up. The calculated annual airbag-related eye injury incidence was less than 1/1,000,000 people, 4/100,000 accidents, and 4/10,000 injured occupants.
Airbag-related eye injuries occurred very rarely in car accidents in cases where the occupant survived and the restraint system was appropriately used. Spectacle use did not appear to increase the risk of eye injury in restrained occupants.
我们使用2个不同的数据集研究了安全气囊展开与眼部损伤之间的相关性。
对芬兰道路交通事故（FRA）调查组的登记资料进行分析，以研究严重的头部和眼镜相关损伤。纳入了2009年至2012年（4年）期间发生的所有致命乘用车或货车事故（n = 734）。对驾驶员前方安全气囊展开的案例进行分析（n = 409）。为了确定轻微的、可能与安全气囊相关的眼部损伤比例，将结果与赫尔辛基大学眼科医院（HUEH）急诊室在2011年5月1日至2012年4月30日这一年记录的所有新眼部损伤患者的数据（n = 1151）进行比较。
在FRA数据集中，未系安全带的驾驶员死亡风险（优势比[OR] = 5.89，95%置信区间[CI]，3.33 - 10.9，P = 2.6E - 12）或头部受伤风险（OR = 2.50，95%CI，1.59 - 3.97，P = 3.8E - 5）显著更高。1151名HUEH患者中只有4人涉及乘用车事故。在其中一起碰撞事故中，安全气囊启动，系安全带的驾驶员眼睑有2处缝合伤口，结膜有淤血。随访期间未记录到永久性眼部损伤。计算得出的每年与安全气囊相关的眼部损伤发生率低于百万分之一人、十万分之四事故以及万分之四受伤乘客。
在乘员幸存且约束系统使用得当的情况下，与安全气囊相关的眼部损伤在车祸中非常罕见。佩戴眼镜似乎不会增加受约束乘员的眼部受伤风险。
