MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Jan 6;65(52):1465-1469. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6552a2.
An estimated 1.1 million high school and 75,000 college athletes participate in tackle football annually in the United States. Football is a collision sport; traumatic injuries are frequent (1,2), and can be fatal (3). This report updates the incidence and characteristics of deaths caused by traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury (4) in high school and college football and presents illustrative case descriptions. Information was analyzed from the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research (NCCSIR). During 2005-2014, a total of 28 deaths (2.8 deaths per year) from traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries occurred among high school (24 deaths) and college football players (four deaths) combined. Most deaths occurred during competitions and resulted from tackling or being tackled. All four of the college deaths and 14 (58%) of the 24 high school deaths occurred during the last 5 years (2010-2014) of the 10-year study period. These findings support the need for continued surveillance and safety efforts (particularly during competition) to ensure proper tackling techniques, emergency planning for severe injuries, availability of medical care onsite during competitions, and assessment that it is safe to return to play following a concussion.
据估计，美国每年有 110 万名高中生和 7.5 万名大学生参加触身式橄榄球运动。橄榄球是一项碰撞性运动；创伤性损伤很常见（1,2），并且可能是致命的（3）。本报告更新了高中和大学橄榄球中因创伤性脑损伤和脊髓损伤（4）导致的死亡人数和特征，并提供了说明性病例描述。信息来自国家灾难性运动伤害研究中心（NCCSIR）。在 2005-2014 年期间，高中和大学橄榄球运动员（高中 24 例，大学 4 例）共发生 28 例（每年 2.8 例）因创伤性脑和脊髓损伤导致的死亡。大多数死亡发生在比赛中，是由擒抱或被擒抱造成的。大学的 4 例死亡和高中的 24 例死亡中的 14 例（58%）发生在研究期间的最后 5 年（2010-2014 年）。这些发现支持持续监测和安全措施的必要性（特别是在比赛期间），以确保正确的擒抱技术、严重伤害的应急计划、比赛现场提供医疗护理以及在脑震荡后评估是否可以安全重返比赛。
