Dudley Dean A, Cotton Wayne G, Winslade Matthew J, Wright Bradley J, Jackson Kirsten S, Brown Alexandra M, Rock Vanessa
Department of Eduational Studies, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.
Faculty of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Jan 5;17(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3917-9.
Previous evaluations have supported the link between sun protection policies and improved sun protection behaviours. However these evaluations have relied on self-reported data.
A cross-sectional design as part of an ongoing 18-month cluster-controlled trial in primary schools (n = 20) was used. Researchers conducted direct observations to record students' hat use and teachers' use of sun protective measures during recess and lunch. Researchers also recorded the volume of sunscreen consumed in each school.
Only 60% of primary school children wear a sun-safe hat during their breaks when observed using objective measures. Weak correlations were observed between the wearing of a sun-safe hat and a school's socio-economic status (r = 0.26). All other independent variables measured had only very weak correlations (r < 0.19) with sun-safe hat wearing behaviour of students. Sunscreen consumption by school students during the school day is negligible.
A large percentage of NSW primary schools in this study wear sun-safe hats during the school day but this is well below what has been reported in previous national surveys. Given the finite resources of schools and the correlation, though small, with SES status for these behaviours, it behoves researchers to investigate low-cost solutions to these problems. Further qualitative data will also be needed to inform the enablers and barriers for sun-safe behaviour interventions to be adopted in NSW primary schools.
先前的评估支持防晒政策与改善防晒行为之间的联系。然而，这些评估依赖于自我报告的数据。
采用横断面设计，作为正在进行的一项针对20所小学的为期18个月的整群对照试验的一部分。研究人员进行直接观察，以记录学生在课间休息和午餐期间戴帽子的情况以及教师采取的防晒措施。研究人员还记录了每所学校的防晒霜使用量。
在使用客观测量方法进行观察时，只有60%的小学生在课间休息时佩戴防晒帽。观察到佩戴防晒帽与学校的社会经济地位之间存在微弱的相关性（r = 0.26）。所测量的所有其他自变量与学生佩戴防晒帽的行为之间的相关性都非常弱（r < 0.19）。在校学生在上学日的防晒霜使用量可以忽略不计。
本研究中很大比例的新南威尔士州小学的学生在上学日佩戴防晒帽，但这远低于先前全国调查所报告的比例。鉴于学校资源有限，且这些行为与社会经济地位之间存在虽小但有的相关性，研究人员有必要研究解决这些问题的低成本方案。还需要进一步的定性数据，以了解新南威尔士州小学采用防晒行为干预措施的促进因素和障碍。
