Skin Cancer Research Group, School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, Anton Breinl Centre for Health Systems Strengthening, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
Skin Cancer Research Group, School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, Anton Breinl Centre for Health Systems Strengthening, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
Prev Med. 2014 Mar;60:107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.12.020. Epub 2013 Dec 29.
Childhood sun exposure is an important risk factor for skin cancer. Anecdotal evidence suggests that hats are under-utilized by Australian primary school students.
The proportion of students and adult role-models wearing hats was observed at 36 primary schools (63.9% SunSmart schools [SSS]) in Townsville (latitude 19.3°S; high to extreme maximum daily UV-index year round), Queensland, Australia, from 2009 to 2011.
Overall, 52.2% of 28,775 students and 47.9% of 2954 adults were observed wearing a hat. Hat use (all styles) among SSS and non-SunSmart school (NSSS) students was similar before (24.2% vs 20.5%; p=0.701), after (25.4% vs 21.7%; p=0.775) and during school-hours (93.0% vs 89.2%; p=0.649) except SSS students wore gold-standard (broad-brim/bucket/legionnaire) hats during school play-breaks more often in the warmer months (October-March) than NSSS students (54.7% vs 37.4%; p=0.02). Although the proportion of adults who wore hats (all styles) was similar at SSS and NSSS (48.2% vs 46.8%; p=0.974), fewer adults at SSS wore them before school (3.7% vs 10.2%; p=0.035).
SunSmart status is not consistently associated with better hat-wearing behavior. The protective nature of hats and the proportion of school students and adult role-models wearing them could be improved, possibly by offering incentives to schools that promote sun-safety.
儿童时期的阳光暴露是皮肤癌的一个重要危险因素。有传闻证据表明，澳大利亚小学生对帽子的使用率较低。
2009 年至 2011 年，在澳大利亚昆士兰州汤斯维尔（纬度 19.3°S；全年高至极高日最大紫外线指数）的 36 所小学（63.9%的 SunSmart 学校[SSS]）观察学生和成年榜样戴帽子的比例。
总体而言，28775 名学生中有 52.2%，2954 名成年人中有 47.9%观察到戴帽子。SSS 和非 SunSmart 学校（NSSS）学生在上学前（24.2%对 20.5%；p=0.701）、放学后（25.4%对 21.7%；p=0.775）和在校期间（93.0%对 89.2%；p=0.649）的帽子使用率（所有款式）相似，但 SSS 学生在温暖的月份（10 月至 3 月）上学休息时更常戴黄金标准（宽边/桶/军团）帽子，而 NSSS 学生则不然（54.7%对 37.4%；p=0.02）。尽管 SSS 和 NSSS 戴帽子（所有款式）的成年人比例相似（48.2%对 46.8%；p=0.974），但 SSS 上学前戴帽子的成年人比例较低（3.7%对 10.2%；p=0.035）。
SunSmart 状态与更好的戴帽行为并不一致。帽子的保护性质以及戴帽子的学生和成年榜样的比例可以提高，这可能需要向促进防晒的学校提供奖励。
