Lane-Donovan Courtney, Herz Joachim
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroanatomy, Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg, Germany.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Apr;28(4):273-284. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.12.001. Epub 2017 Jan 2.
As the population ages, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are becoming a significant burden on patients, their families, and health-care systems. Neurodegenerative processes may start up to 15 years before outward signs and symptoms of AD, as evidenced by data from AD patients and mouse models. A major genetic risk factor for late-onset AD is the ɛ4 isoform of apolipoprotein E (ApoE4), which is present in almost 20% of the population. In this review we discuss the contribution of ApoE receptor signaling to the function of each component of the tripartite synapse - the axon terminal, the postsynaptic dendritic spine, and the astrocyte - and examine how these systems fail in the context of ApoE4 and AD.
随着人口老龄化，阿尔茨海默病（AD）等神经退行性疾病正成为患者、其家庭和医疗保健系统的重大负担。神经退行性过程可能在AD的外在体征和症状出现前15年就已开始，AD患者和小鼠模型的数据证明了这一点。晚发性AD的一个主要遗传风险因素是载脂蛋白E（ApoE）的ɛ4异构体，几乎20%的人群中存在该异构体。在本综述中，我们讨论了ApoE受体信号传导对三方突触各组成部分——轴突终末、突触后树突棘和星形胶质细胞——功能的贡献，并研究了这些系统在ApoE4和AD背景下是如何失效的。
