Fritz Heather, Tarraf Wassim, Saleh Dan J, Cutchin Malcolm P
Department of Health Care Sciences.
Institute of Gerontology.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2017 Sep 1;72(5):876-887. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbw166.
Little is known about the feasibility of smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) approaches to collect psychosocial data from older populations, especially disadvantaged older populations. In response to this gap, this report provides evidence of the feasibility and utility of a smartphone-based EMA approach for real-time assessment with older African Americans. In addition, we share lessons learned about how to improve utility.
Ninety-seven older African Americans ages 55 and older (range: 55-95 years) used an Android smartphone loaded with an EMA application to provide data about their everyday activities and stress four times per day for seven consecutive days.
Exit interviews early in the study suggested enhancements to the EMA interface. Adherence was demonstrated with response completion rates of 92-98% on EMA measures and no participant attrition based on the EMA protocol.
Our findings suggest using a smartphone-based EMA approach for data collection is feasible and has utility with older African Americans. We most likely enhanced adherence by testing, training, monitoring, and adapting the EMA protocol using input from older adults early in the EMA design process.
关于基于智能手机的生态瞬时评估（EMA）方法从老年人群体，尤其是弱势老年人群体中收集心理社会数据的可行性，目前所知甚少。针对这一空白，本报告提供了一种基于智能手机的EMA方法对老年非裔美国人进行实时评估的可行性和实用性的证据。此外，我们分享了关于如何提高实用性的经验教训。
97名年龄在55岁及以上的老年非裔美国人（年龄范围：55 - 95岁）使用加载了EMA应用程序的安卓智能手机，连续七天每天四次提供有关其日常活动和压力的数据。
研究早期的退出访谈表明需要对EMA界面进行改进。EMA测量的响应完成率为92% - 98%，证明了依从性，且没有参与者因EMA协议而退出。
我们的研究结果表明，使用基于智能手机的EMA方法进行数据收集是可行的，并且对老年非裔美国人有用。我们很可能是通过在EMA设计过程早期利用老年人的意见对EMA协议进行测试、培训、监测和调整，从而提高了依从性。
