Bach Martin, Diesner Mirjam, Großmann Dietlinde, Guerniche Djamal, Hommen Udo, Klein Michael, Kubiak Roland, Müller Alexandra, Preuss Thomas G, Priegnitz Jan, Reichenberger Stefan, Thomas Kai, Trapp Matthias
Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Giessen University, Germany.
German Federal Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau, Germany.
Pest Manag Sci. 2017 May;73(5):852-861. doi: 10.1002/ps.4519. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
In order to assess surface water exposure to active substances of plant protection products (PPPs) in the European Union (EU), the FOCUS (FOrum for the Co-ordination of pesticide fate models and their USe) surface water workgroup introduced four run-off and six drainage scenarios for Step 3 of the tiered FOCUSsw approach. These scenarios may not necessarily represent realistic worst-case situations for the different Member States of the EU. Hence, the suitability of the scenarios for risk assessment in the national authorisation procedures is not known.
Using Germany as an example, the paper illustrates how national soil-climate scenarios can be developed to model entries of active substances into surface waters from run-off and erosion (using the model PRZM) and from drainage (using the model MACRO). In the authorisation procedure for PPPs on Member State level, such soil-climate scenarios can be used to determine exposure endpoints with a defined overall percentile.
The approach allows the development of national specific soil-climate scenarios and to calculate percentile-based exposure endpoints. The scenarios have been integrated into a software tool analogous to FOCUS-SWASH which can be used in the future to assess surface water exposure in authorisation procedures of PPPs in Germany. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
为评估欧盟（EU）地表水中植物保护产品（PPPs）活性物质的暴露情况，FOCUS（农药归趋模型协调与使用论坛）地表水工作组针对分层FOCUSsw方法的第3步引入了4种径流和6种排水情景。这些情景不一定代表欧盟不同成员国实际的最坏情况。因此，这些情景在国家授权程序中用于风险评估的适用性尚不清楚。
以德国为例，本文说明了如何开发国家土壤 - 气候情景，以模拟活性物质通过径流和侵蚀（使用PRZM模型）以及排水（使用MACRO模型）进入地表水的情况。在成员国层面的PPPs授权程序中，此类土壤 - 气候情景可用于确定具有特定总体百分位数的暴露终点。
该方法允许开发国家特定的土壤 - 气候情景，并计算基于百分位数的暴露终点。这些情景已被整合到一个类似于FOCUS - SWASH的软件工具中，未来可用于评估德国PPPs授权程序中的地表水暴露情况。© 2017作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《有害生物管理科学》。
