Gomez Jesse, Barnett Michael A, Natu Vaidehi, Mezer Aviv, Palomero-Gallagher Nicola, Weiner Kevin S, Amunts Katrin, Zilles Karl, Grill-Spector Kalanit
Neurosciences Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science. 2017 Jan 6;355(6320):68-71. doi: 10.1126/science.aag0311.
How does cortical tissue change as brain function and behavior improve from childhood to adulthood? By combining quantitative and functional magnetic resonance imaging in children and adults, we find differential development of high-level visual areas that are involved in face and place recognition. Development of face-selective regions, but not place-selective regions, is dominated by microstructural proliferation. This tissue development is correlated with specific increases in functional selectivity to faces, as well as improvements in face recognition, and ultimately leads to differentiated tissue properties between face- and place-selective regions in adulthood, which we validate with postmortem cytoarchitectonic measurements. These data suggest a new model by which emergent brain function and behavior result from cortical tissue proliferation rather than from pruning exclusively.
从童年到成年，随着大脑功能和行为的改善，皮质组织会发生怎样的变化？通过结合儿童和成人的定量磁共振成像和功能磁共振成像，我们发现参与面部和地点识别的高级视觉区域存在差异发育。面部选择性区域而非地点选择性区域的发育主要由微观结构增殖主导。这种组织发育与对面部功能选择性的特定增加以及面部识别能力的提高相关，最终导致成年后面部和地点选择性区域之间的组织特性分化，我们通过死后细胞结构测量验证了这一点。这些数据提出了一种新模型，即新兴的大脑功能和行为源于皮质组织增殖而非仅仅源于修剪。
