Zoffoli Luca, Ditroilo Massimiliano, Federici Ario, Lucertini Francesco
Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
Gait Posture. 2017 Mar;53:1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.12.017. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
This study investigated the kinematic variability and the local stability of walking and pole walking using two tri-axial accelerometers placed on the seventh cervical (C7) and the second sacral (S2) vertebrae of twenty-one adults. Each participant performed three 1-min trials of walking and pole walking on a motorized treadmill (60, 80, 100% of the preferred walk-to-run transition speed). Forty strides per trial were used to calculate, in all directions of C7 and S2, the median of the stride-to-stride median absolute deviation (medMAD) and the local divergence exponent (λ). Generalised estimating equations and pairwise contrasts revealed, during pole walking, a higher medMAD (all directions, most speeds, C7 level only), and a lower λ (all directions, all speeds, both C7 and S2 level). As speed increased, so did medMAD (all directions, both walking with or without poles), with higher values at C7 compared to S2 level. A similar effect was observed for λ in the vertical direction (walking and pole walking), and in the anterior-posterior direction (only pole walking). An increase in speed brought about a λ reduction in the medial-lateral direction (C7 level only), especially during walking. Finally, both medMAD and λ were higher at C7 than S2 level (all directions, both walking and pole walking) except for λ in the anterior-posterior direction, which resulted higher in walking (C7 level only). In conclusion, despite a higher kinematic variability, pole walking appears to be more locally stable than walking at any speed, especially at C7 level.
本研究使用放置在21名成年人第七颈椎（C7）和第二骶椎（S2）上的两个三轴加速度计，调查了行走和持杖行走的运动学变异性及局部稳定性。每位参与者在电动跑步机上进行三次1分钟的行走和持杖行走试验（首选步行-跑步转换速度的60%、80%、100%）。每次试验选取40步，用于计算C7和S2在所有方向上步幅间中位数绝对偏差（medMAD）的中位数和局部发散指数（λ）。广义估计方程和成对对比显示，在持杖行走过程中，medMAD更高（所有方向、大多数速度，仅C7水平），而λ更低（所有方向、所有速度，C7和S2水平均如此）。随着速度增加，medMAD也增加（所有方向，无论有无手杖行走），C7水平的值高于S2水平。在垂直方向（行走和持杖行走）以及前后方向（仅持杖行走）观察到λ有类似效应。速度增加导致内侧-外侧方向（仅C7水平）的λ降低，尤其是在行走时。最后，除了前后方向的λ在行走时（仅C7水平）更高外，C7水平的medMAD和λ均高于S2水平（所有方向，行走和持杖行走均如此）。总之，尽管运动学变异性更高，但持杖行走在任何速度下似乎都比行走更具局部稳定性，尤其是在C7水平。
