Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Dr. Meurerlaan 8, 1067SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Dr. Meurerlaan 8, 1067SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Clin Nutr. 2018 Feb;37(1):250-253. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.014. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
BACKGROUND & AIM: The aim of this study was to describe a decrease in resting energy expenditure during weight loss that is larger than expected based on changes in body composition, called adaptive thermogenesis (AT), in overweight and obese older adults.
Multiple studies were combined to assess AT in younger and older subjects. Body composition and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured before and after weight loss. Baseline values were used to predict fat free mass and fat mass adjusted REE after weight loss. AT was defined as the difference between predicted and measured REE after weight loss. The median age of 55 y was used as a cutoff to compare older with younger subjects. The relation between AT and age was investigated using linear regression analysis.
In this study 254 (M = 88, F = 166) overweight and obese subjects were included (BMI: 31.7 ± 4.4 kg/m, age: 51 ± 14 y). The AT was only significant for older subjects (64 ± 185 kcal/d, 95% CI [32, 96]), but not for younger subjects (19 ± 152 kcal/d, 95% CI [-9, 46]). The size of the AT was significantly higher for older compared to younger adults (β = 47, p = 0.048), independent of gender and type and duration of the weight loss program.
We conclude that adaptive thermogenesis is present only in older subjects, which might have implications for weight management in older adults. A reduced energy intake is advised to counteract the adaptive thermogenesis.
本研究旨在描述超重和肥胖的老年人群在减肥过程中，静息能量消耗的减少幅度大于根据身体成分变化（即适应性生热作用，AT）所预测的幅度。
合并了多项研究，以评估年轻和老年受试者的 AT。在减肥前后测量身体成分和静息能量消耗（REE）。使用基线值预测减肥后去脂体重和脂肪量校正后的 REE。将减肥后预测值和实测值之间的差值定义为 AT。以 55 岁作为界值，将老年人和年轻人进行比较。使用线性回归分析研究 AT 与年龄的关系。
本研究共纳入 254 名（M=88，F=166）超重和肥胖受试者（BMI：31.7±4.4 kg/m，年龄：51±14 岁）。AT 仅在老年人中具有统计学意义（64±185 千卡/天，95%CI [32，96]），而在年轻人中无统计学意义（19±152 千卡/天，95%CI [-9，46]）。老年人的 AT 明显高于年轻人（β=47，p=0.048），与性别、减肥方案的类型和持续时间无关。
我们得出结论，适应性生热作用仅存在于老年人中，这可能对老年人的体重管理具有重要意义。建议减少能量摄入以抵消适应性生热作用。
