Fagundes N S, Pereira R, Bortoluzzi C, Rafael J M, Napty G S, Barbosa J G M, Sciencia M C M, Menten J F M
Department of Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2017 Oct;101(5):e371-e382. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12614. Epub 2017 Jan 7.
Sorghum grain can be used to replace corn in broiler diets. However, the effects related to an abrupt change between these grains are not yet clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and intestinal health of broilers fed diets containing corn and/or sorghum during different periods of rearing. To accomplish this aim, 2100 male chicks were fed the following experimental diets: C100% (corn-based diet); S100% (sorghum-based diet); C:S50% (diet based on corn and sorghum 1:1); PC-S (corn-based diet in the pre-starter phase and sorghum-based diet in subsequent phases); and PS-C (sorghum-based diet in the pre-starter phase and corn-based diet in subsequent phases). The study was conducted with two simultaneous trials in a randomized block design as follows: a performance trial up to 40 days occurred in floor pens (n = 8), and the metabolism trial occurred in cages (n = 10). Performance, jejunal morphometry, number of goblet cells, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) and the coefficient of apparent metabolizability of dry matter (CMDM) of the diets, and the intestinal microbiota of small intestine and caeca at 10 and 21 days of age (16S gene sequencing) were evaluated. The different experimental diets did not affect performance, jejunal epithelium, AME, AMEn or CMDM. However, the experimental diets altered the percentages of the genera Clostridium, Weissella, Bacillus and Alkaliphilus in the small intestine. In addition, the genera Lactobacillus and Desulfotomaculum in the caeca were altered. The age also affected the microbiota of the intestinal segments. In conclusion, feeding sorghum in place of corn as well as the grain change after the pre-starter phase does not alter broiler performance. However, sorghum alters the intestinal microbiota, resulting in a lower percentage of Clostridium and a higher percentage of Lactobacillus in the small intestine and caeca, respectively.
高粱籽粒可用于替代肉鸡日粮中的玉米。然而，这些谷物之间突然转换所产生的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估在不同饲养阶段饲喂含玉米和/或高粱日粮的肉鸡的生产性能和肠道健康状况。为实现这一目标，给2100只雄性雏鸡饲喂以下实验日粮：C100%（以玉米为基础的日粮）；S100%（以高粱为基础的日粮）；C:S50%（基于玉米和高粱1:1的日粮）；PC-S（育雏前期以玉米为基础的日粮，后续阶段以高粱为基础的日粮）；以及PS-C（育雏前期以高粱为基础的日粮，后续阶段以玉米为基础的日粮）。本研究采用随机区组设计同时进行两项试验，具体如下：在地面围栏中进行为期40天的生产性能试验（n = 8），在笼子中进行代谢试验（n = 10）。评估了生产性能、空肠形态学、杯状细胞数量、日粮的表观代谢能（AME）、氮校正表观代谢能（AMEn）和干物质表观代谢率系数（CMDM），以及10日龄和21日龄时小肠和盲肠的肠道微生物群（16S基因测序）。不同的实验日粮对生产性能、空肠上皮、AME、AMEn或CMDM没有影响。然而，实验日粮改变了小肠中梭菌属、魏斯氏菌属、芽孢杆菌属和嗜碱菌属的百分比。此外，盲肠中的乳酸杆菌属和脱硫肠状菌属也发生了改变。年龄也影响肠道各段的微生物群。总之，用高粱替代玉米以及在育雏前期后更换谷物不会改变肉鸡的生产性能。然而，高粱会改变肠道微生物群，导致小肠和盲肠中梭菌属的百分比分别降低，乳酸杆菌属的百分比分别升高。
