School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.
PeerJ. 2023 Sep 19;11:e15857. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15857. eCollection 2023.
The Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL) are a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds in broiler diets. Some components of the BSFL may serve as a prebiotic or may impact the intestinal microbiota of the broilers by other modes of action, which in turn can affect the health and performance of broilers. Here, we investigate the impact of up to 20% BSFL in broiler diets on the diversity and composition of the broiler's microbiota.
Four hundred broilers were fed five iso-nutritious experimental diets with increasing levels of BSFL meal reaching 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% in the finisher diets. Eight caecal content samples coming from each of the eight replicates per treatment were collected at two time points (day 21 and day 42) for DNA extraction and sequencing of the V3-V4 regions using Illumina MiSeq 2 × 300 bp pair-end sequencing with 341f and 805r primers. Analysis of variance and Spearman's correlation were performed, while QIIME2, DADA2, and Calypso were used for data analysis.
When broilers were 21 days of age, the abundance of two groups of sequence variants representing and was significantly lower (-value = 0.048 and -value = 0.025, respectively) in the 20% BSFL group compared to the 0% BSFL group. There was no relevant alteration in the microbiota diversity at that stage. On day 42, the Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that the sequence variants representing the genus showed a negative relationship with the BSFL inclusion levels (-value = 0.043). The sequence variants representing the genus and demonstrated a positive relationship with the BSFL dietary inclusion (-value = 0.0069 and -value = 0.0034, respectively). There was a reduction in the dissimilarity index (ANOSIM) caused by the 20% BSFL dietary inclusion.
The addition of up to 20% BSFL in broiler diets did not affect the overall caeca microbiota diversity or composition at day 21. On day 42, there was a reduction in the beta diversity caused by the 20% BSFL dietary inclusion. The abundance of the bacterial group was increased by the BSFL dietary inclusion, and it may be beneficial to broiler immunity and performance.
黑水虻幼虫（BSFL）是肉鸡日粮中营养物质和生物活性化合物的来源。BSFL 的某些成分可能作为益生元，或者通过其他作用模式影响肉鸡的肠道微生物群，进而影响肉鸡的健康和性能。在这里，我们研究了在肉鸡日粮中添加高达 20%的 BSFL 对肉鸡微生物群的多样性和组成的影响。
400 只肉鸡被喂食五种等营养的实验日粮，其中 BSFL 粉的水平逐渐增加，达到育肥日粮中的 0%、5%、10%、15%和 20%。在两个时间点（第 21 天和第 42 天），从每个处理的 8 个重复中收集 8 个盲肠内容物样本，用于 DNA 提取和 Illumina MiSeq 2×300bp 配对末端测序，使用 341f 和 805r 引物。进行方差分析和 Spearman 相关性分析，同时使用 QIIME2、DADA2 和 Calypso 进行数据分析。
当肉鸡 21 天时，与 0%BSFL 组相比，代表 和 的两组序列变异体的丰度显著降低（-值=0.048 和 -值=0.025）。在那个阶段，微生物群多样性没有相关的变化。在第 42 天，Spearman 相关分析表明，代表属 的序列变异体与 BSFL 含量呈负相关（-值=0.043）。代表属 和 的序列变异体与 BSFL 日粮添加呈正相关（-值=0.0069 和 -值=0.0034）。BSFL 饮食添加导致相似性指数（ANOSIM）降低。
在肉鸡日粮中添加高达 20%的 BSFL 不会影响第 21 天盲肠微生物群的总体多样性或组成。在第 42 天，BSFL 饮食添加导致 beta 多样性减少。BSFL 饮食添加增加了细菌属 的丰度，可能对肉鸡的免疫和性能有益。
