Karimpur Harun, Röser Florian, Hamburger Kai
Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen, Germany.
Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Science, Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessen, Germany; Department of Social Sciences, University of Applied SciencesDarmstadt, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2016 Dec 23;7:1956. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01956. eCollection 2016.
Much research has been done on how people find their way from one place to another. Compared to that, there is less research available on how people find back from the destination to their origin. We first present theoretical approaches to perceptual and cognitive processes involved in finding a return path, including concepts, such as visibility, structural salience, and allocentric versus egocentric perspective, followed by a series of three experiments. In these experiments, we presented subjects intersections that contained landmark information on different positions. In order to investigate the processes involved, we used different measures, such as route-continuation (in learning direction and in opposite direction) and free-recall of route information. In summary, the results demonstrate the importance of landmark positions at intersections (structural salience in combination with perspective) and that finding the return path is more difficult than reproducing the same route from the learning condition. All findings will be discussed with respect to the current research literature on landmark-based wayfinding.
关于人们如何从一个地方找到前往另一个地方的路，已经开展了大量研究。相比之下，关于人们如何从目的地返回出发地的研究则较少。我们首先介绍了与寻找返程路径相关的感知和认知过程的理论方法，包括诸如可见性、结构显著性以及空间参照系与自我中心视角等概念，随后进行了一系列三个实验。在这些实验中，我们向受试者展示了包含不同位置地标信息的十字路口。为了探究其中涉及的过程，我们使用了不同的测量方法，例如路线延续（沿学习方向和相反方向）以及对路线信息的自由回忆。总之，结果表明十字路口处地标位置的重要性（结构显著性与视角相结合），并且发现返程路径比从学习情境中重现相同路线更加困难。所有研究结果将结合当前关于基于地标的寻路研究文献进行讨论。
