Antonini Sara, Montali Marina, Jacchetti Emanuela, Meucci Sandro, Parchi Paolo D, Barachini Serena, Panvini Francesca M, Pacini Simone, Petrini Iacopo, Cecchini Marco
NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa Pisa, Italy.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2016 Dec 20;4:144. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00144. eCollection 2016.
(MPCs) are a very peculiar population of cells present in the human adult bone marrow, only recently discovered and characterized. Owing to their differentiation potential, MPCs can be considered progenitors for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and for this reason they potentially represent a promising cell population to apply for skeletal tissue regeneration applications. Here, we evaluate the effects of surface nanotopography on MPCs, considering the possibility that this specific physical stimulus alone can trigger MPC differentiation toward the mesenchymal lineage. In particular, we exploit nanogratings to deliver a mechanical, directional stimulus by contact interaction to promote cell morphological polarization and stretching. Following this interaction, we study the MPC-MSC transition by i. analyzing the change in cell morphotype by immunostaining of the key cell-adhesion structures and confocal fluorescence microscopy, and ii. quantifying the expression of cell-phenotype characterizing markers by flow cytometry. We demonstrate that the MPC mesengenic differentiation can be induced by the solely interaction with the NGs, in absence of any other external, chemical stimulus. This aspect is of particular interest in the case of multipotent progenitors as MPCs that, retaining both mesengenic and angiogenic potential, possess a high clinical appeal.
多能祖细胞（MPCs）是存在于成人骨髓中的一类非常特殊的细胞群体，直到最近才被发现和鉴定。由于其分化潜能，MPCs可被视为间充质基质细胞（MSCs）的祖细胞，因此它们可能是用于骨骼组织再生应用的有前景的细胞群体。在此，我们评估表面纳米拓扑对MPCs的影响，考虑到仅这种特定物理刺激就能触发MPCs向间充质谱系分化的可能性。特别是，我们利用纳米光栅通过接触相互作用传递机械性、定向刺激，以促进细胞形态极化和伸展。在这种相互作用之后，我们通过以下方式研究MPC-MSC转变：i. 通过对关键细胞粘附结构进行免疫染色和共聚焦荧光显微镜分析细胞形态类型的变化；ii. 通过流式细胞术定量细胞表型特征性标志物的表达。我们证明，在没有任何其他外部化学刺激的情况下，仅与纳米光栅相互作用就能诱导MPCs的间充质分化。对于具有间充质和血管生成潜能的多能祖细胞MPCs来说，这一点尤其令人感兴趣，因为它们具有很高的临床应用价值。
