Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, USA.
Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Instituto Cavanilles, CIBERNED, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain.
Nat Commun. 2017 Jan 9;8:13759. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13759.
Multiciliated ependymal (E1) cells line the brain ventricles and are essential for brain homeostasis. We previously identified in the lateral ventricles a rare ependymal subpopulation (E2) with only two cilia and unique basal bodies. Here we show that E2 cells form a distinct biciliated epithelium extending along the ventral third into the fourth ventricle. In the third ventricle floor, apical profiles with only primary cilia define an additional uniciliated (E3) epithelium. E2 and E3 cells' ultrastructure, marker expression and basal processes indicate that they correspond to subtypes of tanycytes. Using sonic hedgehog lineage tracing, we show that the third and fourth ventricle E2 and E3 epithelia originate from the anterior floor plate. E2 and E3 cells complete their differentiation 2-3 weeks after birth, suggesting a link to postnatal maturation. These data reveal discrete bands of E2 and E3 cells that may relay information from the CSF to underlying neural circuits along the ventral midline.
纤毛室管膜（E1）细胞排列在脑室内，对脑内环境稳态至关重要。我们之前发现侧脑室内存在一种罕见的室管膜亚群（E2），其仅具有两个纤毛和独特的基体。在这里，我们表明 E2 细胞形成了一个独特的双纤毛上皮，沿着腹侧延伸到第四脑室的第三部分。在第三脑室底部，只有初级纤毛的顶区轮廓定义了另一个单纤毛（E3）上皮。E2 和 E3 细胞的超微结构、标志物表达和基底过程表明它们对应于室管膜下细胞的亚型。通过 sonic hedgehog 谱系追踪，我们表明第三和第四脑室的 E2 和 E3 上皮来源于前室底。E2 和 E3 细胞在出生后 2-3 周完成分化，表明与出生后成熟有关。这些数据揭示了 E2 和 E3 细胞的离散带，它们可能沿着腹侧中线将信息从 CSF 传递到下伏的神经回路。
