Jiang Liangfu, Jones Salazar, Jia Xiaofeng
Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jan 5;18(1):94. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010094.
Peripheral nerve regeneration is a complicated process highlighted by Wallerian degeneration, axonal sprouting, and remyelination. Schwann cells play an integral role in multiple facets of nerve regeneration but obtaining Schwann cells for cell-based therapy is limited by the invasive nature of harvesting and donor site morbidity. Stem cell transplantation for peripheral nerve regeneration offers an alternative cell-based therapy with several regenerative benefits. Stem cells have the potential to differentiate into Schwann-like cells that recruit macrophages for removal of cellular debris. They also can secrete neurotrophic factors to promote axonal growth, and remyelination. Currently, various types of stem cell sources are being investigated for their application to peripheral nerve regeneration. This review highlights studies involving the stem cell types, the mechanisms of their action, methods of delivery to the injury site, and relevant pre-clinical or clinical data. The purpose of this article is to review the current point of view on the application of stem cell based strategy for peripheral nerve regeneration.
周围神经再生是一个复杂的过程，其特征为沃勒变性、轴突发芽和髓鞘再生。雪旺细胞在神经再生的多个方面发挥着不可或缺的作用，但通过基于细胞的疗法获取雪旺细胞受到采集的侵入性和供体部位发病率的限制。用于周围神经再生的干细胞移植提供了一种具有多种再生益处的替代性基于细胞的疗法。干细胞具有分化为类雪旺细胞的潜力，这些细胞可募集巨噬细胞以清除细胞碎片。它们还能分泌神经营养因子以促进轴突生长和髓鞘再生。目前，正在研究各种类型的干细胞来源在周围神经再生中的应用。本综述重点介绍了涉及干细胞类型、其作用机制、递送至损伤部位的方法以及相关临床前或临床数据的研究。本文的目的是综述目前关于基于干细胞的策略在周围神经再生中的应用的观点。
