Ferreira Lucas Vinícius de Oliveira, Roballo Kelly Cristine Santos, Amorim Rogério Martins
Department of Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, São Paulo, Brazil.
Center for Translational Research in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18607-440, São Paulo, Brazil.
World J Stem Cells. 2025 Jun 26;17(6):107833. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i6.107833.
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) that result in nerve gaps represent a major clinical challenge, frequently leading to long-term disability and a diminished quality of life for affected individuals. Despite advances in surgical techniques, functional recovery remains limited, highlighting the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising avenue for nerve repair due to their regenerative, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties. Thus, this review explored current approaches utilizing MSCs in the treatment of PNI, emphasizing their potential to enhance nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Furthermore, tissue engineering and transdifferentiation of MSCs into Schwann-like cells offer a versatile strategy to optimize therapeutic effects, paving the way for personalized medicine. Nevertheless, challenges persist regarding the clinical application of MSCs in PNI, including transplant safety, delivery methods, optimal dosing, and ethical considerations. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying MSC action in PNI may contribute to more effective treatment protocols in the management of peripheral nerve defects.
导致神经间隙的周围神经损伤（PNI）是一项重大临床挑战，常常致使受影响个体长期残疾并生活质量下降。尽管手术技术有所进步，但功能恢复仍然有限，这凸显了创新治疗策略的必要性。间充质干细胞（MSC）因其再生、免疫调节和神经保护特性，已成为神经修复的一个有前景的途径。因此，本综述探讨了目前利用MSC治疗PNI的方法，强调了它们增强神经再生和功能恢复的潜力。此外，组织工程以及将MSC转分化为雪旺氏样细胞提供了一种优化治疗效果的通用策略，为个性化医疗铺平了道路。然而，MSC在PNI临床应用方面仍然存在挑战，包括移植安全性、递送方法、最佳剂量以及伦理考量。更深入了解MSC在PNI中作用的机制，可能有助于制定更有效的治疗方案来处理周围神经缺损。
