Carvalho Carla, Costa Ana Rita, Silva Filipe, Oliveira Ana
a CEB-UM: Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Braga , Portugal.
b International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL) , Braga , Portugal.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2017 Sep;43(5):583-601. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2016.1271309. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
Nowadays, the world is facing an increasing emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Simultaneously, the banning of some existing antibiotics and the lack of development of new antimicrobials have created an urgent need to find new alternatives against animal infections. Bacteriophages (phages) are naturally occurring predators of bacteria, ubiquitous in the environment, with high host specificity and harmless to animals. For these reasons, phages and their derivatives are being considered valuable antimicrobial alternatives and an opportunity to reduce the current use of antibiotics in agri-food production, increasing animal productivity and providing environmental protection. Furthermore, the possibility of combining phage genetic material with foreign genes encoding peptides of interest has enabled their use as vaccine delivery tools. In this case, besides bacterial infections, they might be used to prevent viral infections. This review explores current data regarding advances on the use of phages and phage-encoded proteins, such as endolysins, exolysins and depolymerases, either for therapeutic or prophylactic applications, in animal husbandry. The use of recombinant phage-derived particles or genetically modified phages, including phage vaccines, will also be reviewed.
如今，世界正面临着抗生素耐药细菌日益增多的问题。与此同时，一些现有抗生素的禁用以及新型抗菌药物研发的匮乏，使得迫切需要寻找针对动物感染的新替代方案。噬菌体是细菌的天然捕食者，在环境中普遍存在，具有高度的宿主特异性且对动物无害。基于这些原因，噬菌体及其衍生物被视为有价值的抗菌替代物，是减少当前农业食品生产中抗生素使用、提高动物生产力并提供环境保护的契机。此外，将噬菌体遗传物质与编码感兴趣肽段的外源基因相结合的可能性，使它们能够用作疫苗递送工具。在这种情况下，除了细菌感染，它们还可用于预防病毒感染。本综述探讨了有关噬菌体和噬菌体编码蛋白（如内溶素、外溶素和 depolymerases）在畜牧业中用于治疗或预防应用的最新进展数据。还将对重组噬菌体衍生颗粒或基因改造噬菌体（包括噬菌体疫苗）的使用进行综述。
