Hayashi J, Kashiwagi S, Noguchi A, Nakashima K, Ikematsu H, Kajiyama W, Nomura H
Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi. 1989 Sep;80(9):436-40.
To determine whether transmission of hepatitis B virus occurs among mentally retarded patients in six institutions, from 1986 to 1988, 373 patients (males 203, females 170, 18-53 years of age, mean age 29.9) were tested for hepatitis B markers. Seventy five of them had Down's syndrome. Overall prevalences were 9.1% for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 39.7% for antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and 48.0% for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Prevalence of HBsAg was significantly higher in patients with Down's syndrome than in other mentally retarded patients. Five patients (three males and two females) in four institutions were infected with hepatitis B virus during the two years of observation. Four of these five patients were the other mentally retarded and became both anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive. The remaining one, who was 29 years old and Down's syndrome, became an HBsAg carrier. These observations indicate that hepatitis B virus transmission frequently occurs among mentally retarded patients in institutions and therefore vaccination of susceptible institutionalized patients is necessary. Vaccination to patients with Down's syndrome is particularly warranted, because they are uniquely predisposed to develop chronic hepatitis B infection following exposure.
为确定1986年至1988年期间，乙型肝炎病毒是否在6家机构的智障患者中传播，对373例患者（男性203例，女性170例，年龄18至53岁，平均年龄29.9岁）进行了乙型肝炎标志物检测。其中75例患有唐氏综合征。乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）总体患病率为9.1%，抗HBsAg抗体（抗-HBs）为39.7%，抗乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）为48.0%。唐氏综合征患者的HBsAg患病率显著高于其他智障患者。在两年的观察期内，4家机构的5例患者（3例男性和2例女性）感染了乙型肝炎病毒。这5例患者中有4例为其他智障患者，抗-HBs和抗-HBc均呈阳性。其余1例为29岁的唐氏综合征患者，成为HBsAg携带者。这些观察结果表明，乙型肝炎病毒在机构内的智障患者中频繁传播，因此有必要对易感染的住院患者进行疫苗接种。对唐氏综合征患者进行疫苗接种尤为必要，因为他们在接触后特别容易发生慢性乙型肝炎感染。
