Flasbeck Vera, Enzi Björn, Brüne Martin
LWL University Hospital Bochum, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Division of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Psychiatric Preventive Medicine, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
J Pers Disord. 2017 Oct;31(5):689-708. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2017_31_276. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
Many patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience difficulties in empathizing with others and are sensitive to social exclusion. Accordingly, the authors developed a novel Social Interaction Empathy Task to examine empathy for physical and psychological pain from first- and third-person perspectives. Fifty female patients with BPD and forty-eight controls matched for age and gender were included. Alexithymia was also measured. Patients with BPD rated neutral and psychologically painful situations as more painful than healthy controls, and patients with BPD rated psychological pain as more intense in the first-person perspective than in the third-person perspective. In contrast, controls did not differentiate between the perspectives and rated physical pain as most intense. The impact of early adversity on empathy for psychological pain was mediated by alexithymia. Increased sensitivity for psychological pain in BPD correlated with symptom severity. BPD is associated with altered empathy for pain, which is related to difficulties in reflecting emotional states.
许多边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者在共情他人方面存在困难，并且对社会排斥敏感。因此，作者开发了一种新颖的社会互动共情任务，以从第一人称和第三人称视角检验对身体和心理疼痛的共情。研究纳入了50名患有BPD的女性患者以及48名年龄和性别匹配的对照者。同时也对述情障碍进行了测量。与健康对照者相比，BPD患者将中性和心理痛苦情境评定为更痛苦，并且BPD患者认为第一人称视角下的心理痛苦比第三人称视角下更强烈。相比之下，对照者没有区分不同视角，而是将身体疼痛评定为最强烈。早期逆境对心理痛苦共情的影响是通过述情障碍介导的。BPD患者对心理痛苦的敏感性增加与症状严重程度相关。BPD与疼痛共情改变有关，这与反映情绪状态的困难有关。
