Rubert A, Guillon-Grammatico L, Chandenier J, Dimier-Poisson I, Desoubeaux G
CHU de Tours, France.
Service d'information médicale, d'épidémiologie et d'économie de la santé, CHRU Bretonneau. EE Éducation Éthique Santé, Université François-Rabelais 37032 Tours France.
Med Sante Trop. 2016 Nov 1;26(4):423-431. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0634.
Mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles are malaria vectors in tropical areas and were of course designated as primary targets by programs for malaria control. Repellent sprays, indoor use of insecticides, and massive delivery of mosquito nets are standard examples of the means widely used to combat malaria. This synthetic review supplies an overview of all of the modes of resistance developed by Anopheles mosquitoes against these human actions. The misuse of each available tool has gradually led to a decrease in its global effectiveness. Newly-emerging forms of resistance, due to modification or overexpression of molecular targets, as well as behavioral adaptations by mosquitoes, are some examples of the consequences. To enable a categorical reduction in malaria incidence, a thorough adjustment of the use of the various means of control should be envisioned.
按蚊属蚊子是热带地区的疟疾传播媒介，当然被疟疾控制项目指定为主要目标。驱虫喷雾剂、室内使用杀虫剂以及大量发放蚊帐是广泛用于抗击疟疾的手段的标准例子。这篇综合综述概述了按蚊针对这些人类行为所产生的所有抗药模式。每种可用工具的滥用已逐渐导致其全球有效性下降。由于分子靶点的改变或过度表达以及蚊子的行为适应而出现的新抗药形式就是一些后果示例。为了能够绝对降低疟疾发病率，应该设想对各种控制手段的使用进行全面调整。
