Olafsdottir Sigrun
University of Iceland, Iceland.
Scand J Public Health. 2017 Mar;45(2):185-194. doi: 10.1177/1403494816686027. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
The aims of this study were to: (a) compare gender differences in mental well-being in the Nordic countries with gender differences in 28 other countries around the world; and (b) evaluate whether gender differences in the Nordic countries remain when other social and lifestyle factors are taken into account.
Data were obtained from 32 countries around the world that participated in the 2011 health module of the International Social Survey Programme. Ordered logit regression models were used to evaluate whether gender differences remained significant when other social and lifestyle factors were considered.
Gender differences in mental well-being in the Nordic countries are not particularly small and the four countries do not cluster together. The gender differences remain when other social and lifestyle factors are taken into account.
There appears to be a similar Nordic health paradox for mental well-being outcomes as for physical health outcomes. Although there may be multiple reasons for this, continued gender equality, including sex segregation in the labour market and gendered expectations, are considered to play a part.
本研究的目的是：（a）比较北欧国家心理健康方面的性别差异与世界其他28个国家的性别差异；（b）评估在考虑其他社会和生活方式因素时，北欧国家的性别差异是否仍然存在。
数据来自参与2011年国际社会调查计划健康模块的全球32个国家。使用有序logit回归模型来评估在考虑其他社会和生活方式因素时，性别差异是否仍然显著。
北欧国家心理健康方面的性别差异并非特别小，且这四个国家并未聚集在一起。在考虑其他社会和生活方式因素时，性别差异仍然存在。
心理健康结果似乎存在与身体健康结果类似的北欧健康悖论。尽管可能有多种原因，但持续的性别平等，包括劳动力市场中的性别隔离和性别期望，被认为起到了一定作用。
