长期存在的颏下皮样囊肿恶变成为癌肉瘤：一例报告
Malignant transformation of a long-standing submental dermoid cyst to a carcinosarcoma: a case report.
作者信息
Jayasuriya Nadeena Sri Swarnagupta, Siriwardena Samadarani, Tilakaratne Wanninayake Mudiyanselage, Parthiepan Suchithra
机构信息
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
出版信息
J Med Case Rep. 2017 Jan 11;11(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13256-016-1186-y.
BACKGROUND
Submental dermoid cysts are uncommon midline cysts which occur due to entrapment of ectoderm between the second and third branchial arches during embryogenesis. Most dermoid cysts of the head and neck are benign, but rarely malignant transformation may occur. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a carcinosarcoma arising in a submental dermoid cyst.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 42-year-old Sri Lankan Tamil man presented with a large cystic swelling in his submental region which was diagnosed as an extensive submental dermoid cyst. The cyst had been asymptomatic for 11 years but there was sudden enlargement and pain during the past 2 months. On surgical removal, a primary carcinosarcoma arising from part of the cyst wall was identified. After completion of radiotherapy, the disease was well controlled and he was disease free at 18 months.
CONCLUSIONS
Although extremely rare, a dermoid cyst of the submental region can undergo malignant transformation. It can be successfully treated with surgical excision and radiotherapy.
背景
颏下皮样囊肿是罕见的中线囊肿，其发生是由于胚胎发育过程中外胚层被困于第二和第三鳃弓之间。头颈部的大多数皮样囊肿是良性的，但很少会发生恶性转化。据我们所知，这是首例发生于颏下皮样囊肿的癌肉瘤报告。
病例报告
一名42岁的斯里兰卡泰米尔男子，颏下区域出现一个巨大的囊性肿物，诊断为广泛性颏下皮样囊肿。该囊肿11年来一直无症状，但在过去2个月突然增大并伴有疼痛。手术切除后，发现囊肿壁的一部分发生了原发性癌肉瘤。放疗结束后，病情得到良好控制，18个月时无疾病迹象。
结论
尽管极为罕见，但颏下区域的皮样囊肿可发生恶性转化。手术切除和放疗可成功治疗该病。
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