2014年科罗拉多州一家学术性动物研究实验室发生隐孢子虫病疫情。
Cryptosporidiosis outbreak at an academic animal research laboratory-Colorado, 2014.
作者信息
Hancock-Allen Jessica, Alden Nisha B, Cronquist Alicia B
机构信息
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Disease Control and Environmental Epidemiology Division, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, South Denver, CO.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2017 Feb;60(2):208-214. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22630.
BACKGROUND
After cryptosporidiosis was reported in three workers caring for preweaned calves at an academic research laboratory, we sought to identify cases, determine risk factors, and implement control measures.
METHODS
A cryptosporidiosis case was defined as diarrhea duration ≥72 hr, abdominal cramps, or vomiting in an animal research laboratory worker during July 14-July 31. A confirmed case had laboratory evidence of Cryptosporidium infection. Staff were interviewed regarding illness, potential exposures, training, and personal protective equipment (PPE) standard operating procedures (SOPs).
RESULTS
The cryptosporidiosis attack rate (AR) was 74% (20/27); five were laboratory-confirmed. Median job training was 2 hr including respiratory-fit testing. No SOPs existed for doffing PPE. AR for workers who removed their gloves first was 84% (16/19) compared with 20% (1/5) for workers who removed gloves last (risk ratio = 4.2; P < 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
This outbreak highlights the importance of adequate training, enforced proper PPE procedures, and promoting a culture of safety. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:208-214, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
背景
在一家学术研究实验室中，有三名照顾断奶前小牛的工作人员被报告感染隐孢子虫病后，我们试图识别病例、确定风险因素并实施控制措施。
方法
隐孢子虫病病例定义为在7月14日至7月31日期间，动物研究实验室工作人员出现腹泻持续时间≥72小时、腹部绞痛或呕吐症状。确诊病例有隐孢子虫感染的实验室证据。对工作人员进行了关于疾病、潜在暴露、培训以及个人防护装备（PPE）标准操作规程（SOP）的访谈。
结果
隐孢子虫病发病率（AR）为74%（20/27）；5例经实验室确诊。工作培训时间中位数为2小时，包括呼吸适合性测试。脱卸个人防护装备没有标准操作规程。先脱手套的工作人员发病率为84%（16/19），而最后脱手套的工作人员发病率为20%（1/5）（风险比=4.2；P<0.02）。
结论
此次疫情凸显了充分培训、强化正确的个人防护装备操作程序以及促进安全文化的重要性。《美国工业医学杂志》2017年；60：208 - 214。© 2017威利期刊公司。
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