Pendleton John
Lecturer in Midwifery, University of Northampton.
Br J Nurs. 2017 Jan 12;26(1):37-42. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2017.26.1.37.
Evidence suggests that black and minority ethnic (BME) midwives are more likely to face fitness to practise hearings than white registrants and BME NHS staff are less likely to be in senior positions. This literature review critically evaluates the literature published since a systematic review on the topic was conducted in 2005. It found that BME nurses and midwives, especially those who registered abroad and subsequently came to live and work in the UK are 'underemployed' and consequently expressed feelings of loss of self-confidence. This was further compounded by accounts of excessive scrutiny and punishment. Many felt excluded from white networks of power and opportunities for staff development and promotion. The literature also describes experiences of covert as well as overt racism between the white majority and BME staff as well as 'horizontal racism' between BME staff of differing ethnicities.
有证据表明，与白人注册护士相比，黑人和少数族裔（BME）助产士更有可能面临执业资格听证会，而BME国民保健服务体系（NHS）员工担任高级职位的可能性较小。这篇文献综述对自2005年就该主题进行系统综述以来发表的文献进行了批判性评估。研究发现，BME护士和助产士，尤其是那些在国外注册、随后到英国生活和工作的人“就业不足”，因此表达了自信心丧失的感觉。过度审查和惩罚的情况进一步加剧了这种情况。许多人感到被白人权力网络以及员工发展和晋升机会排除在外。文献还描述了白人多数群体与BME员工之间的隐性和显性种族主义经历，以及不同种族的BME员工之间的“横向种族主义”。
