Marraccini Marisa E, Brier Zoe M F
Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center of Rhode Island Hospital.
Sch Psychol Q. 2017 Mar;32(1):5-21. doi: 10.1037/spq0000192. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
Among the protective factors associated with reduced risk for suicide, scientific inquiries into school connectedness are especially important considering that schools are ideally situated to provide interventions reaching the vast majority of youth. Although there is a wealth of research that supports the association between school connectedness and reduced self-report of adolescents having a suicidal thought or making a suicide attempt, inconsistencies in the way studies have measured and operationalized school connectedness limit synthesis across findings. This meta-analytic study investigates the literature exploring associations between school connectedness and suicidal thoughts and behaviors across general and subpopulations (high risk and sexual minority youth) using a random effects model. Eligible studies examined a measure of school connectedness explicitly referred to as "school connectedness" or "connections at school" in relation to suicidal ideation or suicide attempts among youth enrolled in school (Grades 6-12). Multiple metaregression analyses were conducted to explore the influence of school connectedness measurement variation, as well as participant characteristics. Results, including 16 samples, support that higher school connectedness is associated with reduced reports of suicidal thoughts and behaviors across general (odds ratio [OR] = 0.536), high-risk (OR = 0.603), and sexual minority (OR = 0.608) adolescents. Findings are consistent when analyzed separately for suicidal ideation (OR = 0.529) and suicide attempts (OR = 0.589) and remain stable when accounting for measurement variability. Although limited by its cross-sectional nature, findings support recent calls to increase school connectedness and proffer important implications for screening and intervention efforts conducted in schools. (PsycINFO Database Record
在与降低自杀风险相关的保护因素中，鉴于学校处于理想位置，能够为绝大多数青少年提供干预措施，对学校归属感的科学探究尤为重要。尽管有大量研究支持学校归属感与青少年自杀念头或自杀未遂自我报告减少之间的关联，但研究在衡量和操作学校归属感的方式上存在不一致，限制了对研究结果的综合分析。这项荟萃分析研究使用随机效应模型，调查了探讨学校归属感与普通人群及亚人群（高危和性少数青年）自杀念头和行为之间关联的文献。符合条件的研究考察了一种明确称为“学校归属感”或“在学校的联系”的学校归属感测量方法，该方法与在校学生（6至12年级）的自杀意念或自杀未遂有关。进行了多项元回归分析，以探讨学校归属感测量差异以及参与者特征的影响。结果包括16个样本，支持较高的学校归属感与普通青少年（优势比[OR]=0.536）、高危青少年（OR=0.603）和性少数青少年（OR=0.608）自杀念头和行为报告减少相关。分别分析自杀意念（OR=0.529）和自杀未遂（OR=0.589）时，结果一致，考虑测量变异性时结果保持稳定。尽管受其横断面性质的限制，但研究结果支持最近关于增强学校归属感的呼吁，并为学校开展的筛查和干预工作提供了重要启示。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
