Hammond Christopher J, Gray Kevin M
Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2016;25(4):292-316. doi: 10.1080/1067828X.2015.1037517. Epub 2016 Apr 20.
Despite recent advances in psychosocial treatments targeting adolescent substance use disorders (SUD), effect sizes generally remain small to modest, and few treatment-enrolled youth achieve sustained abstinence. Among adults, SUD-targeted pharmacotherapies have emerged as viable options to complement psychosocial treatments and enhance outcomes. Developmental differences exist in pharmacodynamics and treatment-response, and comparatively little research has focused on SUD-targeted pharmacotherapies for youth. This article provides a review and synthesis of relevant published clinical trials focusing on youth SUDs and co-occurring/comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders. It offers recommendations for clinical practice and further research based on the limited findings to date.
尽管针对青少年物质使用障碍（SUD）的心理社会治疗最近取得了进展，但效应大小总体上仍然较小到中等，而且很少有接受治疗的青少年能够实现持续戒酒。在成年人中，针对SUD的药物治疗已成为补充心理社会治疗并改善治疗效果的可行选择。药物动力学和治疗反应存在发育差异，相对而言，针对青少年SUD的药物治疗的研究较少。本文对已发表的有关青少年SUD以及同时发生/共病的精神和物质使用障碍的相关临床试验进行了综述和综合。它根据迄今为止有限的研究结果为临床实践和进一步研究提供了建议。
