Tu Wenjuan, Rao Sudha
Faculty of ESTeM, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Dec 27;7:2111. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02111. eCollection 2016.
The ability of the human immune system to protect against infectious disease declines with age and efficacy of vaccination reduces significantly in the elderly. Aging of the immune system, also termed as immunosenescence, involves many changes in human T cell immunity that is characterized by a loss in naïve T cell population and an increase in highly differentiated CD28- memory T cell subset. There is extensive data showing that latent persistent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is also associated with age-related immune dysfunction in the T cells, which might enhance immunosenescence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related and HCMV-related immunosenescence is critical for the development of effective age-targeted vaccines and immunotherapies. In this review, we will address the role of both aging and HCMV infection that contribute to the T cell senescence and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms in aged T cells.
人类免疫系统抵御传染病的能力会随着年龄增长而下降，疫苗接种的效力在老年人中也会显著降低。免疫系统的衰老，也称为免疫衰老，涉及人类T细胞免疫的许多变化，其特征是初始T细胞群体减少，高度分化的CD28-记忆T细胞亚群增加。有大量数据表明，潜伏持续的人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染也与T细胞中与年龄相关的免疫功能障碍有关，这可能会加速免疫衰老。了解与年龄相关和与HCMV相关的免疫衰老的分子机制对于开发有效的针对特定年龄的疫苗和免疫疗法至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们将阐述衰老和HCMV感染在导致T细胞衰老方面的作用，并讨论衰老T细胞中的潜在分子机制。
