Sanders Ashley F P, Hobbs Diana A, Stephenson David D, Laird Robert D, Beaton Elliott A
Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2017 Apr;47(4):992-1005. doi: 10.1007/s10803-016-3011-2.
Stress and anxiety have a negative impact on working memory systems by competing for executive resources and attention. Broad memory deficits, anxiety, and elevated stress have been reported in individuals with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). We investigated anxiety and physiological stress reactivity in relation to visuospatial working memory impairments in 20 children with 22q11.2DS and 32 typically developing (TD) children ages 7 to 16. Children with 22q11.2DS demonstrated poorer working memory, reduced post-stress respiratory sinus arrhythmia recovery, and overall increased levels of cortisol in comparison to TD children. Anxiety, but not physiological stress responsivity, mediated the relationship between 22q11.2DS diagnosis and visuospatial working memory impairment. Findings indicate that anxiety exacerbates impaired working memory in children with 22q11.2DS.
压力和焦虑通过争夺执行资源和注意力，对工作记忆系统产生负面影响。据报道，患有22q11.2缺失综合征（22q11.2DS）的个体存在广泛的记忆缺陷、焦虑和压力升高的情况。我们调查了20名患有22q11.2DS的儿童和32名7至16岁发育正常（TD）的儿童在视觉空间工作记忆损伤方面的焦虑和生理应激反应。与TD儿童相比，患有22q11.2DS的儿童表现出较差的工作记忆、应激后呼吸性窦性心律不齐恢复能力降低以及皮质醇水平总体升高。焦虑而非生理应激反应性介导了22q11.2DS诊断与视觉空间工作记忆损伤之间的关系。研究结果表明，焦虑会加剧患有22q11.2DS的儿童的工作记忆损伤。
