Jones C, Manning D P, Bruce M
a Occupational Health Department , 50/164, Ford Motor Company Limited , Halewood , Liverpool , L24 9LE , UK.
Ergonomics. 1995 Feb;38(2):242-249. doi: 10.1080/00140139508925101.
A recently developed walking traction test has proved to be a reliable and rapid method of measuring coefficient of friction (c.o.f.) of floor surfaces and footwear, and is a suitable method for ranking the grip of footwear solings on slippery floors. This paper describes four new experiments in which footwear samples were ranked. The first experiment compared mean rank orders on water wet (wet) and oily surfaces of seven flat solings. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient rs was 0·893, P < 0·005. In the second experiment, five pairs of women's shoes were ranked on wet and oily surfaces. On the wet surfaces, three samples recorded maximum attainable c.o.f. but rank orders on two oily surfaces were identical, rs = 1·0, P < 0·01. In the third experiment, thirteen pairs of discarded footwear were ranked using three different test methods. The test surfaces were oily stainless steel plates cut from the same sheet. Rank orders of the three test methods were significantly similar. Kendall's coefficient of concordance w = 8·68, P < 0·001. In another experiment samples of commercially available footwear were issued to factory workers and recalled for c.o.f. measurements at intervals. Their rank orders on wet and oily surfaces were not statistically similar but when wet surface results obtained at 4 months, were compared with those at 10 months, rank orders were significant; rs = 0·994, P < 0·01. Also on oily surfaces, rank orders of two measurements were significant, rs = 0·982, P <0·01. Although most experiments have revealed significant correlations between footwear samples on wet and oily surfaces there are examples where a soling performs well on wet surfaces but is at the lower end of rank order on oily surfaces. It is concluded that rank orders on wet, oily and icy surfaces should be calculated but also it is necessary to examine rank orders on each surface-lubricant combination, by comparing results obtained at intervals during the useful lives of the solings. In future, samples at the lower end of the rank orders of c.o.f. will be eliminated from the varieties available to workers.
最近开发的行走牵引测试已被证明是一种可靠且快速的测量地面和鞋底摩擦系数（c.o.f.）的方法，并且是对鞋底在滑溜地面上的抓地力进行排名的合适方法。本文描述了四个对鞋类样品进行排名的新实验。第一个实验比较了七种平底鞋底在水湿（湿）和油性表面上的平均排名顺序。斯皮尔曼等级相关系数rs为0·893，P < 0·005。在第二个实验中，对五双女鞋在湿和油性表面上进行了排名。在湿表面上，三个样品记录了可达到的最大摩擦系数，但在两个油性表面上的排名顺序相同，rs = 1·0，P < 0·01。在第三个实验中，使用三种不同的测试方法对十三双废弃鞋类进行了排名。测试表面是从同一张板材上切割下来的油性不锈钢板。三种测试方法的排名顺序显著相似。肯德尔和谐系数w = 8·68，P < 0·001。在另一个实验中，将市售鞋类样品发放给工厂工人，并定期召回进行摩擦系数测量。它们在湿和油性表面上的排名顺序在统计学上不相似，但当比较4个月时在湿表面上获得的结果与10个月时的结果时，排名顺序具有显著性；rs = 0·994，P < 0·01。同样在油性表面上，两次测量的排名顺序具有显著性，rs = 0·982，P <0·01。尽管大多数实验都揭示了鞋类样品在湿和油性表面之间存在显著相关性，但也有一些例子表明，一种鞋底在湿表面上表现良好，但在油性表面上的排名较低。得出的结论是，应该计算在湿、油和结冰表面上的排名顺序，而且有必要通过比较鞋底使用寿命期间不同时间间隔获得的结果，来检查每种表面 - 润滑剂组合上的排名顺序。未来，摩擦系数排名较低的样品将从工人可用的品种中剔除。
