Maggioni Darío A, Signorini Marcelo L, Michlig Nicolás, Repetti María R, Sigrist Mirna E, Beldomenico Horacio R
a Program of Research and Analysis of Chemical Residues and Contaminants (PRINARC), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, National University of Littoral , Santa Fe , Argentina.
b Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, EEA Rafaela , Santa Fe , Argentina.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Apr 3;52(4):256-266. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1272997. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
A chronic dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues was conducted for four age groups of the Argentinian population following the procedure recommended by the WHO. The National Theoretical Maximum Daily Intake (NTMDI) for 308 pesticides was calculated for the first time, using the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) from several Argentinean regulations and food consumption data from a comprehensive National Nutrition and Health Survey. The risk was estimated by comparing the TMDI with the Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADI) identified by various sources. Furthermore, for each of the compounds with a TMDI >65% of the ADI, a probabilistic analysis was conducted to quantify the probability of exceeding the ADI. In this study 27, 22, 10, and 6 active ingredients (a.i.) were estimated to exceed the 100% of the ADI for the different population groups: 6-23 month-old children, 2-5 year-old children, pregnant women, and 10-49 year-old women, respectively. Some of these ADI-exceeding compounds (carbofuran, diazinon, dichlorvos, dimethoate, oxydemeton-methyl and methyl bromide) were found in all four of these groups. Milk, apples, potatoes, and tomatoes were the foods that contributed most to the intake of these pesticides. The study is of primary importance for the improvement of risk assessment, regulations, and monitoring activities.
按照世界卫生组织推荐的程序，对阿根廷人口的四个年龄组进行了农药残留的慢性膳食风险评估。首次利用阿根廷多项法规中的最大残留限量（MRL）以及一项全面的全国营养与健康调查中的食物消费数据，计算了308种农药的国家理论最大日摄入量（NTMDI）。通过将理论最大日摄入量与不同来源确定的每日允许摄入量（ADI）进行比较来估计风险。此外，对于理论最大日摄入量超过每日允许摄入量65%的每种化合物，进行了概率分析以量化超过每日允许摄入量的概率。在本研究中，估计分别有27种、22种、10种和6种活性成分超过不同人群组每日允许摄入量的100%，这些人群组分别为6 - 23个月大的儿童、2 - 5岁的儿童、孕妇以及10 - 49岁的女性。在所有这四个组中都发现了一些超过每日允许摄入量的化合物（克百威、二嗪农、敌敌畏、乐果、氧化乐果和甲基溴）。牛奶、苹果、土豆和西红柿是这些农药摄入量的主要贡献食物。该研究对于改进风险评估、法规和监测活动至关重要。
