Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Br J Sports Med. 2017 Jul;51(14):1058-1064. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096814. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating effects of exercise for people with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) across multiple health outcomes. We also investigated the prevalence and predictors of dropout from exercise studies in AUDs.
Systematic review and random effects meta-analysis with meta-regression analyses.
3 major electronic databases were searched from inception until April 2016 for exercise intervention studies in adults with AUDs.
Studies of acute exercise in people with AUDs; and randomised and non-randomised trials examining effects of long-term (≥2 weeks) exercise.
21 studies and 1204 unique persons with AUDs (mean age 37.8 years, mean illness duration 4.4 years) were included. Exercise did not reduce daily alcohol consumption (standardised mean difference (SMD) =-0.886, p=0.24), or the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) total scores (SMD=-0.378, p=0.18). For weekly consumption (n=3 studies), a statistically significant difference was observed favouring exercise (SMD=-0.656, p=0.04), but not after adjustment for publication bias (SMD=-0.16, 95% CI -0.88 to 0.55). Exercise significantly reduced depressive symptoms versus control (randomised controlled trials (RCTs) =4; SMD=-0.867, p=0.006, I=63%) and improved physical fitness (VO) (RCTs=3; SMD=0.564, p=0.01, I=46%). The pooled dropout rate was 40.3% (95% CI 23.3% to 60.1%) which was no different to control conditions (OR=0.73, p=0.52). Dropouts were higher among men (β=0.0622, p<0.0001, R=0.82).
It was not possible to investigate moderating effects of smoking.
Available evidence indicates exercise appears not to reduce alcohol consumption, but has significant improvements in other health outcomes, including depression and physical fitness. Additional long-term controlled studies of exercise for AUDs are required.
系统评价和荟萃分析，调查针对酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者的多种健康结果的运动效果。我们还调查了 AUD 患者运动研究中辍学的发生率和预测因素。
系统评价和随机效应荟萃分析，结合荟萃回归分析。
从创建到 2016 年 4 月，3 个主要电子数据库用于检索针对 AUD 成人的急性运动干预研究。
针对 AUD 患者的急性运动研究；以及针对长期（≥2 周）运动效果的随机和非随机试验。
共纳入 21 项研究和 1204 名具有 AUD 的个体（平均年龄 37.8 岁，平均患病时间 4.4 年）。运动并未降低每日饮酒量（标准化均数差（SMD）=-0.886，p=0.24）或酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）总分（SMD=-0.378，p=0.18）。对于每周饮酒量（n=3 项研究），观察到运动组有统计学显著差异（SMD=-0.656，p=0.04），但经发表偏倚校正后差异无统计学意义（SMD=-0.16，95%CI-0.88 至 0.55）。与对照组相比，运动显著降低抑郁症状（随机对照试验（RCT）=4；SMD=-0.867，p=0.006，I=63%）和改善体能（VO）（RCT=3；SMD=0.564，p=0.01，I=46%）。总体辍学率为 40.3%（95%CI 23.3%至 60.1%），与对照组无差异（OR=0.73，p=0.52）。男性的辍学率更高（β=0.0622，p<0.0001，R=0.82）。
无法对吸烟的调节作用进行调查。
现有证据表明，运动似乎不能减少饮酒量，但在其他健康结果方面有显著改善，包括抑郁和体能。需要进一步开展针对 AUD 的长期对照运动研究。
