Taghva Arsia, Farsi Zahra, Javanmard Yavar, Atashi Afsaneh, Hajebi Ahmad, Noorbala Ahmad Ali
Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Community Health Department, Faculty of Nursing, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Kaj St., Shariati St, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Jan 14;17(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12888-016-1169-y.
Stigma affects all aspects of mental disorders, and is the most important risk factor for promoting mental health. The aim of this study was to explore strategies effective in reducing the stigma toward people with mental disorders in Iran.
This qualitative study was conducted from 2013 to 2016. All participants were recruited by purposive sampling method. The majority of them were stakeholders of mental health in Iran. Data were collected through eight individual interviews, two focus groups, and six written narratives. The data were collected, coded and analyzed simultaneously. Content analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative interview data.
The major themes that emerged were: "Emphasis on education and changing attitudes", "Changing the culture", "Promoting supportive services", "Role of various organizations and institutions", "Integrated reform of structures and policies to improve the performance of custodians", and "Evidence-based actions".
This study did not investigate the extent of stigma or its origins, rather it examines strategies appropriate for implementation in Iran. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies for reducing the stigma attached to patients with mental disorders.
耻辱感影响精神障碍的各个方面，是促进精神健康的最重要风险因素。本研究的目的是探索在伊朗有效减少对精神障碍患者耻辱感的策略。
这项定性研究于2013年至2016年进行。所有参与者均通过目的抽样法招募。他们中的大多数是伊朗精神卫生领域的利益相关者。数据通过八次个人访谈、两次焦点小组讨论和六篇书面叙述收集。数据收集、编码和分析同时进行。采用内容分析法分析定性访谈数据。
出现的主要主题有：“强调教育与改变态度”、“改变文化”、“促进支持性服务”、“各组织和机构的作用”、“结构和政策的综合改革以提高监管者的绩效”以及“基于证据的行动”。
本研究未调查耻辱感的程度或其根源，而是考察了适合在伊朗实施的策略。需要进一步研究来评估减少对精神障碍患者耻辱感策略的有效性。
